CONTENTS 



Pac|e 



PREFACE "ii 



ABSTRACT ill 



FIGURES vi 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii 



INTRODUCTION 1 



BACKGROUND 1 



CONTENTS 1 



LITERATURE CITED 3 



PART I - DREDGING EQUIPMENT 5 



HYDRAULIC DREDGES 5 



Pipeline Dredges 5 



Hopper Dredges 5 



Sidecaster Dredges 6 



MECHANICAL DREDGES 6 



Bucket Dredges 6 



Ladder Dredges 6 



Dipper Dredges 6 



LITERATURE CITED 7 



PART II - CHARACTERISTICS OF DREDGED MATERIAL 9 



MATERIAL FROM NEW CHANNEL DREDGING 9 



Physical Characteristics 9 



Contaminants 9 



Nutrients 9 



Potential for Productive Uses 9 



MATERIALS FROM MAINTENANCE DREDGING 9 



Physical Characteristics 10 



Contaminants 10 



Nutrients 10 



Evaluation of Dredged Material Pollution Potential 10 



Potential for Productive Uses 13 



LITERATURE CITED 14 



PART III - COASTAL WATERS 17 



ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AT THE DREDGING SITE 17 



Water Column Impacts 17 



Bottom Impacts 17 



Other Impacts 18 



ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS OF DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES 19 



Terrestrial Disposal 19 



Island, Fastland, or Beach Disposal 24 



Wetland Disposal 24 



Estuarine Disposal 25 



Continental Shelf Disposal 33 



Deep Ocean Disposal 35 



Habitat Development 36 



LITERATURE CITED 48 



iv 



