Gauch, H. G. 1972. Inorganic Plant Nutrition. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, 

 Stroudsburg, PA. 



Geiger, R. 1965. The Climate Near the Ground. Harvard University Press. 

 Cambridge, MA. 



George, J. L. and R. T. Mitchell. 1948. Calculations on the extent of spruce 

 budworm control by insectivorous birds. J. For. 46:454-455. 



Gosz, J. R., R. T. Holmes, G. E. Likens, and F. H. Bormann. 1978. The flow 

 of energy in a forest ecosystem. Sci. Amer. 238(2) :92-102 . 



Heinselmann, M. L. 1971. The natural role of fire in northern conifer 

 forests. Pages 61-72 in Slaughter, C. W. , R. J. Earner, and G. M. Hansen, 

 Fire in the Northern Environment-A Symposium. Pacific Northwest Forest 

 Ranger Experimental Station, Portland, OR. 



Hibbert, A. R. 1967. Forest treatment effects on water yield. Pages 527-543 

 in Sopper, W. E. and H. W. Lull eds . , International Symposium on Forest 

 Hydrology. Pergamon Press, New York. 



Holmes, R. T. and F. W. Sturges. 1973. Annual energy expenditure by the 

 avifauna of a northern hardwood ecosystem. Oikos 24:24-29. 



Hornbeck, J. W. 1977. Nutrients: A major consideration in intensive forest 



management. Pages 241-150 in Proc. Symp . Intensive Culture Northern 



Forest Types. General Tech. Rept. NE-29 , U.S. Forest Service, Upper 

 Darby, PA. 



Horton, R. E. 1919. Rainfall interception. Monthly Weather Rev. 47:603-623. 



Hudler, G. W. 1976. Bird Dissemination of Arceuthobium baginatum subsp. 

 crytopodum . Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO. 



Kittredge, J. 1948. Forest Influences. McGraw-Hill, New York. 



Likens, G. E. 1976. Acid precipitation. Chem. Eng. News 54:29-44. 



, and F. H. Bormann. 1974. Acid rain: a serious regional environmental 



problem. Science 184:1176-1179. 



, , R. S. Pierce, J. S. Eaton, and N. M. Johnson. 1977. 



Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag, New York. 



Little, S. 1974. Effects of fire on temperate forests: northeastern United 

 States. Pages 225-250 in Kozlowski, T. T., and C. E. Ahlgren, eds.. Fire 

 and Ecosystems. Academic Press, New York. 



Marks, P. L. 1974. The role of pin cherry ( Prunus pensylvanica L.) in the 

 maintenance of stability in northern hardwood ecosystems. Ecol. Monogr. 

 44:73-88. 



Ovington, J. D. 1962. Quantitative ecology and the woodland ecosystem 

 concept. Adv. Ecol. Res. 1:102-192. 



9-37 



