118 ZOOPHYTES. 



Familia II. Sertularid^e. Ovulis in vesiculo inclusis, gemmis latcralibus persis- 

 tentibus : corallis corneis, caliculis sessilibus. 



Genera. Antcnmilaria, Pluimilaria, Sertularia, Thiiiaria, Thoa, Pasythca. 



Familia III. Cajipanularid^. Ovulis in vesiculo inclusis, gemmis lateralibus per- 

 sistentibus ; corallis corneis, caliculis pedicellatis. 



Genera. Laomedca, Campanularia. 



Familia IV. Tubularid^k. Gcmmulis nudis caduceis, juxfa tcntaculos enascentibus : 

 animalia ssepe coralligena, corallis corneis, tubulatis. 



Genera. Pennaria, Tubularia, Syncoryna, Corydendrium, Eudendrium, Coryna, 

 Hydractinia. 



A brikf review of the principal systems op classification of former authors. 



— The princi])al systems of classification in this department of Zoology, are those of 

 Lamarck, Lamouroux, Schweigger, Blainville, Elirenberg, and Wilnc Edwards. 



Lamarck. — This author included under the head of Polyps, the Infusoria and Rotifcra, 

 together with the Corallinas (Algae) and Sponges. The following are his subdivisions, 

 as given in the second edition of his work on Invertebrate Animals, witli tlieir equiva- 

 lents, where there are such, in the system adopted. 



Ordo I. Polypi ciliati. Includes the Infusoria and Rotifera. 



Ordo II. Polypi denudati, or naked polyps. A group of unrelated genera, compris- 

 ing the Hydrse, part of the Zoanthidse, and part of the Tubularidce. 



Ordo III. Polypi vaginati, or coralligenous polyps, subdivided as follows : 



1. " Po/i/piersJluvicilUes," some fresh-nrtier Bryozoa with the Spongilla;. 



2. " Poll/piers vagmiformes." The Hydroidea, excepting the Hydra3, together with 

 some Bryozoa and Coralline Alga^ 



3. " Polyjncrs a rescait." Mostly Bryozoa. 



4. ^^ Poll/piers foramines ;" compact calcareous corals with small cells, without 

 rays. The TubiporEe of the Alcyonaria, and the Favositos, Catenipora; and Milleporse of 

 the Madrepore tribe, with some others. 



5. " Polypiers laniellifires.''^ Calcareous with rayed cells. The coralligenous As- 

 trreacea, Caryophyllacea, and the Madreporacea, excepting the Favosites, Cateniporte, 

 and Slilleporse. 



6. " Pohipiers corticiflresP The Antipathi and Gorgonida', with many of the 

 Coralline Algte. 



7. " Poll/piers cnijMtes.^^ The Sponi;os, with some of the Coralline Alga?. 

 Ordo IV. Polypi tubiferi. The family Alcyonida\ 



Ordo V. Polypi natantes. The Prnuatulida' irom among the Alcyonaria, together 

 with the family of Encrinites, which belong witli Echinoderms. 



Lamouroux. — Lamouroux, excluding the first order of Lamarck, arranges Zoophytes 

 in three groups. 1. Those that arc ftrxib/c Br ?,oi entirely stony ; 2. Tliose that are 

 sto/n/ and not flexible; and 3. Those thdt arc flcshij {sarcoid) icitlwut a central axis. 

 He included in the first division, the Ilydroidca, part of the Brv'ozoa, the Corallina^, 

 Sponges, and Gorgonida- ; in the 2d. The remainder of the Bryozoa, the Caryo])hyllia, 

 Astrcea, and Madrepore tribes, together with tlic "Foramincs" of Lamarck ; and in tlie 

 3d. The Alcyonia, Zoanthidfr, and other unallied species. 



Schweigger. — Schweigger divides Zoophytes into Z. monohyla, and Z. hetero- 



