410 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 7, 



trees listed as pure may not have been absolutely monospo- 

 rangiate, since catkins or flowers of the opposite nature may 

 have been present and overlooked. When one has to go over 

 a tree of considerable size, one may miss even what one is 

 looking for with the greatest care, but the presumption is that 

 they were really pure plants. But even if not, the general 

 nature of the tree was typically carpellate or staminate and this 

 is the important point. At the blooming period there is, besides 

 the striking difference between the catkins, a marked difference 

 in appearance between the staminate and carpellate trees. The 

 staminate trees usually have few leaves at the time of blooming 

 while the carpellate trees have abundant leaves and a more 

 vigorous appearance in general. 



Of the 66 trees examined, 28 were apparently pure carpellate 

 individuals, 24 were apparently pure staminate, and 14 were 

 intermediates — or 42+% carpellate, 36+% staminate, and 

 21 + % intermediate. This is not far from 40% carpellate, 20% 

 intermediate, and 40% staminate, which probably approx- 

 imates the general condition. In other words the pure car- 

 pellate and pure staminate individuals are about equal to each 

 other and the intermediate individuals number about one-half 

 of either of the pure types, or about one out of every five 

 trees studied. 



The intermediate trees were of varying degrees of carpellate- 

 ness or staminateness. It is simply stating a matter of fact 

 then to say that in these individuals sexuality expressed as 

 maleness or femaleness is entirely quantitative and may be 

 developed in any degree. 



Of the 14 intermediates, 5 were observed to be more car- 

 pellate or prevailingly so, 5 about half and half carpellate and 

 staminate, 3 were prevailingly staminate, and 1 was a staminate 

 tree with 3 of its main branches purely staminate but the fourth 

 main branch was decidedly carpellate although still producing 

 many staminate catkins. This tree is described in greater detail 

 below. 



The following descriptions show the characteristics of each 

 of the 14 intermediate trees : 



1. Carpellate tree occasionally having a carpellate catkin with a few 

 stamens. The tree has only a very slight male tendency. No 

 complete staminate catkin was discovered but some catkins 

 were about half and half. 



