214 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XVIII, No. 6, 



All the measurements in this paper are in millimeters, and 

 have been taken as described in the author's paper on Butorides 

 virescens} 



CoRVUS CORAX PRINCIPALIS Ridgway. 



C[orviis\. corax principalis Ridgway, Man. North Amer. 

 Birds, 1887, p. 361 ("Northern North America, from Greenland 

 to Alaska, south to British Columbia, Canada, New Brunswick, 

 etc."). 



Corviis corax var. littoralis Holboell, in Kroyer's Tidskrift, 

 IV, 1843, p. 390 (Greenland; Labrador) (nee Corvus littoralis 

 Brehm). 



Chars, subsp. — Size largest of the North American races. 



Measurements.^ — Male:^ wing, 426-457 (average, 446.5) mm.; 

 tail, 241-259 (250); exposed culmen, 67-76 (71.3); height of 

 bill at nostrils, 26-30 (27.7); tarsus, 66-71 (69); middle toe 

 without claw, 45.5-54 (49). 



Female:* wing, 413-441 (average, 426) mm.; tail, 228.5-246.5 

 (250) ; exposed culmen, 68-72 (70.4) ; height of bill at nostrils, 

 25-27.5 (26.1); tarsus, 64-70 (66.5); middle toe without claw, 

 43.5-48 (45.5). 



Type locality. — Saint Michael, Alaska. 



Geographic distribution. — Northern North America. Breeds 

 North to northern Greenland, Grant Land, Melville Island, 

 Banks Land, Herschell Island, and the northern coast of 

 Alaska; west to the western coast of Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, 

 and Vancouver Island, British Columbia; south in the Pacific 

 coast region to Quinault, western Washington, and in the 

 interior to northern Mackenzie and northern Quebec (Ungava) ; 

 and east to northeastern Quebec (Ungava), and Greenland. 



Remarks. — This North American race is distinguished from 

 Corvus corax corax Linneaus of northern Europe by its relatively 



iProc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XLII, 1912, p. 533. 



^In part taken by Mr. Robert Ridgway; but the measurements of exposed 

 culmen in the Bulletin of the United States National Museum, No. 50, part III, 

 1904, p. 259, are really those of the total culmen, given by mistake as exposed 

 culmen; and there is evidently also some mistake in the height of the bill at nostrils, 

 as this appears to be too large. Both these dimensions have, therefore, been 

 remeasured for the present use. 



'Six specimens, from Alaska. 



^Eight specimens, from x^laska. 



