Chapter 12 CContinued) 



Habitat Preferences 12-19 



Factors of Abundance 12-19 



Human Impacts 12-20 



Importance to Humanity 12-20 



Management 12-20 



NORTHERN SHRIMP ( Pandalus borealis ) 12-20 



Distribution and Abundance 12-20 



Life History 12-22 



Habitat Preferences 12-22 



Factors of Abundance 12-22 



Human Impacts 12-23 



Importance to Humanity 12-23 



Management 12-23 



MARINE WORMS 12-24 



Bloodworm (Glycera dibranchiata) 12-24 



Distribution and abundance 12-24 



Life history 12-25 



Habitat preferences 12-26 



Factors of abundance 12-26 



Sand worm ( Nereis virens ) 12-26 



Distribution and abundance 12-26 



Life history 12-27 



Habitat preferences 12-27 



Factors of abundance 12-28 



Human Impacts 12-28 



Importance to Humanity 12-28 



Management 12-30 



RED TIDES 12-30 



Life History 12-30 



Factors of Abundance 12-31 



Importance to Humanity 12-31 



Management 12-32 



RESEARCH NEEDS 12-32 



REFERENCES 12-34 



CHAPTER 13: MARINE MAMMALS 13-1 



DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE 13-2 



Cetaceans 13-6 



Pinnipeds 13-8 



REPRODUCTION 13-11 



FEEDING HABITS 13-11 



FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE 13-14 



Food Availability 13-14 



Disease and Parasites 13-14 



Predation 13-15 



Pollutants 13-15 



Organochlorines 13-16 



Heavy metals 13-17 



Petroleum 13-21 



Habitat Disturbances 13-21 



iv 



