ILLUSTRATIONS AND ADDITIONS. 



(1) p. 390 — " On the Ridge of the Andes or Antis." 



The Inca Garcilaso, who was well acquainted with the 

 native language of his country, and who loved to trace 

 etymologies, invariably calls the chain of the Andes, " las 

 Montanas de los Antis." He states positively that the great 

 mountain- chain, eastward of Cuzco, derives its name from the 

 race of the Antis and from the province Anti, which was situ- 

 ated to the east of the capital of the Incas. The quaternary 

 divisions of the Peruvian empire, according to the four cardinal 

 points, reckoning from Cuzco, did not derive their names 

 from the very circumstantial words (having reference to the 

 sun) which in the Quichua language signify east, west, north, 

 and south (intip llucsinanpata, intip yaucunanpata, intip 

 chaututa chayananpata, intip chaupunchau chayananpata). 

 Those divisions were named from provinces and races of 

 people (Provincias llamadas Anti, Cunti, Chincha y Colla) 

 situated to the east, west, north, and south, with reference 

 to the city of Cuzco, which was the centre of the empire. 

 The four divisions of the Inca theocracy were accordingly 

 named Antisuyu, Cuntisuyu, Chinchasuyu, and Collasuyu; the 

 word Suyu signifying strip or part. Notwithstanding the 

 great distance between them, Quito belonged to Chinchasuyu ; 

 and in proportion as the Incas, by their religious wars, ex- 

 tended their faith, their language, and their despotic govern- 

 ment, these Suyus acquired greater dimensions and became 

 more unequal in magnitude. With the names of the provinces 

 was thus associated an indication of their position; and " to 

 name those provinces,"' observes Garcilaso, " was the same as 

 to say to the east or to the west." (Nombrar aquellos Partidos 

 era lo mismo que decir al Oriente, 6 al Poniente.) The snow- 

 chain of the Andes was regarded as an eastern chain. " La 

 Provincia Anti da nombra a. las Montanas de los Antis. 

 Llamaron a la parte del Oriente Antisuyu, por la qual tambien 

 Hainan Anti a. toda aquella gran Cordillera de Sierra Nevada 

 que pasa al Oriente del Peru, por dar a entender, que esta al 



