438 



INDEX. 



Venezuela, and the Pampas of Buenos 

 Ayres, 194; the vegetable kingdom of, 

 as yet imperfectly explored, 292-294; 

 Humboldt's journey across, from 

 Caxamarca to the Pacific, 393-420. 



Ammon, temple of, 2; nomos of, 44; tlie 

 probability of its having stood on the 

 sea-shore, 264. 



Ammonites, found on the Andes, 403. 



Amucu, lake of, 159, 179, 184, 185; 

 where situated, 186, 187. 



Amygdalese, 95. 



Anai, village of, 187. 



Andes, chain of the, 31 ; the seat of ac- 

 tive volcanos, 43; inhabited by the 

 Spanish race, 192; chain of, in Boli- 

 via, various elevations of the, 205 ; so- 

 journ on the ridge of the, 290 ; paramos 

 of the, 292 ; Humboldt's journey across, 

 from Caxamarca to the Pacific Ocean, 

 390-420; elevation of, at the Paramo 

 del Assuay, 393; succession of Para- 

 mos, 407 ; picturesquely marked by 

 masses of erupted porphyry and tra- 

 chyte, 403; marine fossils found 12,800 



' feet above the level of the sea, 403 ; 

 illustrative notes of the, 421; deriva- 

 tion of, 423; the point where they 

 are intersected by the magnetic equa- 

 tor, 407, 429. 



Animal kingdom, great divisions of the, 

 222. 



Animal life existing in the solitudes of the 

 loftiest mountains, 210; in the atmo- 

 sphere, in the waters, and the earth, 

 211-214. 



Animalcules of the atmosphere, the water, 

 and the earth, 211-214. 



Animals which yield milk, 11, 125, 126; 

 of South America, 12, 133; struggles 

 and conflicts of, 17; on the hyber- 

 nation of, 242, 243 ; domestic, inquiry 

 respecting the origin of, 52; noctur- 

 nal life of, in the primeval forests of 

 South America, 191 et seq.; traits of, 

 198, 199; various cries of, 199, 200; 

 illustrative notes, 202. 

 Antilles, sea of the, 23; springs among 

 the islands of the, 155, 174; inhabited 

 by the Spanish race, 191. 



Antisana, mountainous plain of, 17; great 

 elevation of, 139; cavern of, its great 

 elevation, 237 ; volcano of, 371. 

 Anurahdepura, the sacred fig-tree of, 275. 

 Aparecidas, las, islands so called, 24. 



Apes, the foreboders of rain, 20, 141 ; 

 nocturnal cry of, 199, 203. 



Aposentos de Mulalo, of the Andes, 

 393, 423. 



Apure, River, steppes of the, 6 ; observa- 

 tions on, 194. 



, Llanos de, temperature of, 137. 



Aqueducts, of the Peruvians, 398. 



Aragua, valley of, 21. 



Arborescent vegetation, 322. 



Aristolochia, immense blossoms of the, 

 230, 348. 



Armadillo, of South America, 12. 



Arum cordifolium, vital heat of the, 330. 



Arundinaria, 180. 



Ascaris, 213, 251. 



Asia, Central, contains the largest steppes 

 in the world, 3, 4, 94; the -mountain 

 plateaux of, 53-62 ; table of elevations, 

 58; general review of the mountain 

 chains of, 63-73; the volcanos of, 

 distant from the sea, 65 ; vegetation of 

 the steppes of, 95. 



Astrceee, the, 2-53. 



Atabapo, the river, 159; blackness of its 

 water, 160. 



Atahuallpa, the ancient fortress and pa- 

 lace of, 408-411; his captivity, 410, 

 429; historical notices of, 411 et seq. ; 

 death of, and the appearance of a 

 comet, 429 ; his descendants at Caxa- 

 marca, 11, 411-413. 



Ataruipe, cave of, the tomb of an extinct 

 tribe, 171, 188; numerous skeletons 

 found, 171, 172, 



Atlantic Ocean, northern waters of, agi- 

 tated by a gyratory movement, 120- 

 122; form of a longitudinal furrowed 

 valley, 154, 174; calmness of its sur- 

 face in certain latitudes, 154, 174. 



Atlantic and Pacific, immense advan- 

 tages to be derived from a communica- 

 tion, 433. 



Atlantis, Island of, 55. 



Atlas, Mount, covered with perpetual 

 snow, 9; inhabitants to the north of, 

 19; Greater and Lesser, remarks on, 

 S8, 89; elevation of, 89; on the position 

 of the Atlas of the ancients, 110-113. 



Atmosphere, animalcules of the, 211; the 

 influence of its pressure on plants, 222, 

 295, 296. 



Atolls (coral-walls), situation of, 254 ; 

 origin of, 259; process of formation 

 of, 262. 



