450 



INDEX. 



men separated by the, 19, 140 ; disqui- 

 sition on, 89-93; traverses Africa like 

 a dried-np arm of the sea, 110. 



St. Bernard, Mount, height of, 35. 



Salamanca, in Mexico, elevation of, 208. 



Salt Lake, Great, 206. 



Saltillo, elevation of, 208. 



Samarang, edible clay of, 146, 



Samothrace, traditions of, 216,262, 265; 

 aborigines of, 262; position of, 262. 



San Fernando de Atabapo, 161. 



San Juan del Rio, elevation of, 208. 



San Luis Potosi, elevation of 208. 



Sanariapo, on the Orinoco, 163. 



Sand-martin, hybernation of the, 242. 



Sand-spouts, fury of, when passing over 

 the steppes, 14, 137, 266. 



Santa Barbara de Arichuna, mission of, 

 198. 



Santa Fe del Nueva Mexico, elevation of, 

 208. 



Sapajous, nocturnal cry of the, 199. 



Sarcoramphus Papa, the, 240. 



Saussurese, growing on the Asiatic 

 steppes, 4. 



Savannahs of South Amei-ica, 98 ; on the 

 borders of the Orinoco, 162 ; inha- 

 bited by the Guareke Indians, 163; 

 overflowed in April, 187. 



Saxifrage, 233. 



Schomburgk, Sir P., his antiquarian re- 

 searches in South America, 147-151; 

 his observations on the sources of the 

 Orinoco, 176 ; his journey across the 

 continent of South America, 177; his 

 account of the Lake of Amucu, 186. 



Sculptured rocks, in South America, 

 147-151. 



Sea, on the uniformitv of its level, 264, 

 265. 



Sea-coasts, length of time before vegeta- 

 tion appears on the, 10. 



Sea-water, on the phosphorescence of, 

 245 ; attributed to luminous mollusca, 

 246, 247. 



Ssa-weeds, phenomenon of their accumu- 

 lation on the western coast of Africa, 

 56 ; of the ocean, 47-50. 



Seeds, transferred to barren rocks, 214. 



Senegal, inhabitants to the south of, 19. 



Serpents, periodic torpidity of, 243. 



Shahul Pans, elevation of, 76. 



Sierra Nevada of California, observations 

 on the, 205, 206; situation of, 207. 



Sierra Parime, mountain-chain of the, 22. 



Silao, elevation of, 208. 



Silla, ascent to the summit of the, 232. 



Silver, value of, obtained from the mines 

 of Gualjjayoc and other Peruvian 

 mountains, 405. 



Simplon, Mount, height of, 35. 



Sipapo, on the Orinoco, 163. 



Sisgun, elevation of the plain of, 234. 



Sitka, situation and temperature of, 104. 



Siwah, oasis of, 44. 



Snow,mountains eternally covered with, 9. 



Snow-line of mom tains, 73 ct scq. ; of 

 the Himalaya, 236. 



Solano, Don Jose, documents of, 181. 



Spanish race, inhabitants of parts of the 

 Andes, the Canaries, the Antilles, and 

 the Philippines, 192. 



Springs from the bed of the ocean, 155, 

 174; which rise from different depths, 

 dependent on internal heat, 373-379. 



Stag, a native of South America, 133. 



Stars, glorious spectacle of the, at the 

 Equator, 231, 349. 



Steppes and Deserts, general view of, 

 1-21 ; in the Caracas, 1 ; sterility and 

 monotony of, 2 ; the heaths of northern 

 Europe may be regarded as such, 2; 

 in the interior of Africa, 3,9; in cen- 

 tral Asia the largest in the world, 3 ; 

 covered with various plants and herbs, 

 4; have retarded civilization, 5; of 

 South America, 6 et seq. ; of Africa, 

 causes of their sterility, 10 ; towns 

 sprung up on the rivers of, in South 

 America, 14, 137; fury of the whirl- 

 winds passing over the, 14; drought of 

 the, and mirage, 15 : genial effects of 

 rain after drought, 16, 138 ; like a vast 

 inland sea, 17, 139 ; the view of the 

 regions by which they are bounded in 

 Africa and America, 19, 140 ; illustra- 

 tive notes to the article on, 22-125; 

 tracts of, covered with naked rock, 28; 

 of northern Asia, 57 ; extending from 

 the mouth of the Orinoco, 83 ; of 

 Central Africa, 94, 95 ; vegetation of, 

 95 ; the different features of, in Africa 

 and Asia, 153; various terms for ex- 

 pressing in the Arabic and Persian 

 languages, 191, 202; of South Ame- 

 rica, may be regarded as mere local 

 phenomena, 216. 



Strachey, Lieut., his observations on the 

 snow-line of the Himalaya, 74. 



Strato, his statement respecting the pri- 



