30 The Plant World, 



and c. This is the most common form of abnormal nuts. Over 

 fifty have been picked up from beneath one of the lifteen trees 

 upon which such nuts have been known to mature. But most 

 of the fifteen produced only a few such nuts on each tree. Al- 

 together the writer has about two hundred which will be planted 

 in January, 1910. 



Abnormal leaves have been observed in two situations: 

 at the base of the second-growth lateral branchlets, and, occasion- 

 ally, associated with the abnormal catkins already described. 

 Abnormal leaves from a second-growth lateral branchlet are 

 shown at a and b, in figure 3. Leaves associated with abnormal 

 catkins are shown at c, d, and e, in the same figure. 



Some of these leaves are similar to the typical leaves of an 

 anomalous form of Juglans, described and illustrated in Jepson's 

 "Silva of California," and referred to therein as the "original 

 fertile tree." This is one of twenty strange trees that appeared 

 among the progeny of a single wild walnut tree which has since 

 been destroyed. On account of certain leaf characters and their 

 general appearance they have been knowii as "walnut-oak 

 hybrids." Now the fact that the peculiar leaves above men- 

 tioned are associated with the abnormal flowers, at once suggests 

 the possibility that the original fertile tree and similar anom- 

 alous forms of Juglans may have grown from seeds produced 



by such abnormal flowers. Other observations of the writer 

 make this possibility appear even probable. These anomalous 

 trees have not been known to be produced from the normal 

 ' nuts of Juglans californica, although they have been extensively 

 planted during recent years for horticultural purposes. Second- 

 growth flowers have been found on several of the anomalous 

 trees. Also, during the normal blooming period they frequently 

 produce bisexual flowers and, whether bisexual or not, the 

 flowers often have peculiar external markings on the ovary re- 

 sembling those already noted in the teratological flowers of 

 Juglans californica. 



Finally, it should be mentioned that similar anomalous 

 forms have appeared among the progeny of other native black 

 walnut trees in southern California. Unless they developed from 

 flowers of the normal crop, which does not seem likely, then in 

 all probability they did come from some such teratological flow- 

 ers as those described in this paper. 



