186 



The Plant World, 



tance frojii Portland, at Creighton, a suburb, one may still see 

 some of the giants of the forest. A few mighty firs and cedars 

 are abundant in the valleys, and at Vancouver, across the river 

 from Portland, several of these monarchs occur on the grounds 

 of the m.ilitar^- reservation. The woods about Portland are in- 



Fig. 3. A dense growth of Alder (Alnus oregana). Dogwood 



{Cornu3 nuttallii) and a Douglass Fir near Portland, Oregon. In the fore- 

 ground a swamp, the vegetation consisting largely of sedges, grasses and 

 vetches. 



tcresting. Though it be in the summer, during the dry season , 

 there is a vigor to the vegetation not seen in our eastern forests. 

 I was shown a young forest of Douglas fir which thirty years be- 

 fore had been in an oat field. The Aoung trees were 50 and 60 



