SECTION 17 



EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON PHENOL INTOXICATION OF AQUATIC 

 ORGANISMS AND DESTRUCTION OF PHENOL IN MODEL COMMUNITIES 



M.M. Kamshilov and B.A. Flerov* 



In the first part of the investigation, some particular and general pro- 

 blems of aquatic toxicology have been studied on a model of phenol intoxica- 

 tion of aquatic organisms. Among the problems investigated were compara- 

 tive resistance of aquatic organisms, the role of biotic and abiotic factors 

 in determining, resistance, effects of different concentrations of the toxi- 

 cant on biological and physiological processes of aquatic organisms, and 

 ability of organisms to adapt. In the second part of the investigations, 

 destruction of phenol in different model ecosystems has been studied. 

 Workers from the laboratory of the physiology of lower organisms took part 

 in the investigation. (V.A. Alekseyev, L.A. Baronkina, P. A. Gdovskiy, N.V. 

 Goryacheva, B.F. Zhukov, L.I. Zakharova, V. Ya. Kostyayev, N.A. Lapteva, 

 G.A. Lukina, V. Ye. Matey, F.I. Mezhnin, V.R. Mikryakov, T.F. Mikryakova, 

 G.E. Flerova). 



The principal results of the first part of the investigations are pre- 

 sented in the following text. 



BACTERIA 



Phenol, even in small concentrations (10 mg/liter) produces an inhibi- 

 tory effect on bacteria of the genera Bacterium , Cornybacterium , and 

 Micrococcus . Bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Micobacterium were 

 more resistant to the toxicant: At a concentration of 50-200 mg/liter, an 

 increased development took place. At a concentration of 1000 mg/liter, 

 phenol exerts bacteriostatic effect on these genera. 



ALGAE 



The most resistant algae are green algae. Retarding their growth takes 

 place at 30-60 mg/liter, complete inhibition at 300-600 mg/liter. Least 

 resistant are the chrysophyte algae. Complete inhibition of their growth 



Institute of Biology for Inland Waters, Acad. Sci. USSR. 



181 



