138 SPECIAL EXPRESSIONS: Chap. V. 



or in any way excited, rapidly and incessantly move their 

 eyebrows up and down, as well as the hairy skin of their 

 foreheads. 15 As we associate in the case of man the rais- 

 ing and lowering of the eyebrows with definite states of 

 the mind, the almost incessant movement of the eye- 

 brows by monkeys gives them a senseless expression. I 

 once observed a man who had a trick of continually rais- 

 ing his eyebrows without any corresponding emotion, 

 and this gave to him a foolish appearance; so it is with 

 some persons who keep the corners of their mouths a lit- 

 tle drawn backwards and upwards, as if by an incipient 

 smile, though at the time they are not amused or pleased. 



A young orang, made jealous by her keeper attending 

 to another monkey, slightly uncovered her teeth, and, 

 uttering a peevish noise like tish-shist, turned her back 

 on him. Both orangs and chimpanzees, when a little 

 more angered, protrude their lips greatly, and make a 

 harsh barking noise. A young female chimpanzee, in a 

 violent passion, presented a curious resemblance to a 

 child in the same state. She screamed loudly with widely 

 open mouth, the lips being retracted so that the teeth 

 were fully exposed. She threw her arms wildly about, 

 sometimes clasping them over her head. She rolled on 

 the ground, sometimes on her back, sometimes on her 

 belly, and bit everything within reach. A young gibbon 

 {Hylobates syndactylies) in a passion has been described 10 

 as behaving in almost exactly the same manner. 



The lips of young orangs and chimpanzees are pro- 

 truded, sometimes to a wonderful degree, under various 

 circumstances. They act thus, not only when slightly 

 angered, sulky, or disappointed, but when alarmed at 



15 Brehm remarks (' Thierleben,' s. 68) that the eye- 

 brows of the Inuus ecaudatus are frequently moved up 

 and down when the animal is angered. 



16 G. Bennett, ' Wanderings in New South Wales,' &c. 

 vol. ii. 1834, p. 153. 



