232 SULKINESS. Chap. IX. 



reversion to it. Young orangs and chimpanzees pro- 

 trude their lips to an extraordinary degree, as described 

 in a former chapter, when they are discontented, some- 

 what angry, or sulky; also when they are surprised, a 

 little frightened, and even when slightly pleased. Their 

 mouths are protruded apparently for the sake of mak- 

 ing the various noises proper to these several states of 

 mind; and its shape, as I observed with the chimpanzee, 

 differed slightly when the cry of pleasure and that of 

 anger were uttered. As soon as these animals become 

 enraged, the shape of the mouth wholly changes, and 

 the teeth are exposed. The adult orang when wounded 

 is said to emit " a singular cry, consisting at first of high 

 notes, which at length deepen into a low roar. While 

 giving out the high notes he thrusts out his lips into a 

 funnel shape, but in uttering the low notes he holds his 

 mouth wide open." 1X With the gorilla, the lower lip is 

 said to be capable of great elongation. If then our semi- 

 human progenitors protruded their lips when sulky or 

 a little angered, in the same manner as do the existing 

 anthropoid apes, it is not an anomalous, though a curi- 

 ous fact, that our children should exhibit, when similarly 

 affected, a trace of the same expression, together with 

 some tendency to utter a noise. For it is not at all un- 

 usual for animals to retain, more or less perfectly, during 

 early youth, and subsequently to lose, characters which 

 were aboriginally possessed by their adult progenitors, 

 and which are still retained by distinct species, their 

 near relations. 



Nor is it an anomalous fact that the children of sav- 

 ages should exhibit a stronger tendency to protrude 

 their lips, when sulky, than the children of civilized 



11 Miiller, as quoted by Huxley, ' Man's Place in Nature,' 

 1863, p. 38. 



