Chai\ XI. CONTEMPT. 253 



CHAPTER XI. 



Disdain — Contempt — Disgust — Guilt — Pride, etc. 

 — Helplessness — Patience — Affirmation and 

 Negation. 



Contempt, scorn and disdain, variously expressed — De- 

 risive smile — Gestures expressive of contempt — Disgust 

  — Guilt, deceit, pride, &c. — Helplessness or impotence 

  — Patience — Obstinacy — Shrugging- the shoulders com- 

 mon to most of the races of man — Signs of affirmation 

 and negation. 



Scorn and disdain can hardly be distinguished from 

 contempt, excepting that they imply a rather more angry 

 frame of mind. Nor can they he clearly distinguished 

 from the feelings discussed in the last chapter under 

 the terms of sneering and defiaDce. Disgust is a sensa- 

 tion rather more distinct in its nature, and refers to 

 something revolting, primarily in relation to the sense 

 of taste, as actually perceived or vividly imagined; and 

 secondarily to anything which causes a similar feeling, 

 through the sense of smell, touch, and even of eyesight. 

 Nevertheless, extreme contempt, or as it is often called 

 loathing contempt, hardly differs from disgust. These 

 several conditions of the mind are, therefore, nearly re- 

 lated; and each of them may be exhibited in many dif- 

 ferent ways. Some writers have insisted chieflv on one 

 mode of expression, and others on a different mode. 



