Chap. XII. FEAR. 291 



indistinct, or may altogether fail. " Obstupui, stete- 

 runtque comas, et vox faucibus haesit." 



Of vague fear there is a well-known and grand de- 

 scription in Job: — " In thoughts from the visions of the 

 night, when deep sleep falleth on men, fear came upon 

 me, and trembling, winch made all my bones to shake. 

 Then a spirit passed before my face; the hair of my 

 flesh stood up. It stood still, but I could not discern 

 the form thereof: an image was before my eyes, there 

 was silence, and I heard a voice, saying, Shall mortal 

 man be more just than God? Shall a man be more pure 

 than his Maker? " (Job iv. 13.) 



As fear increases into an agony of terror, we behold, 

 as under all violent emotions, diversified results. The 

 heart beats wildly, or may fail to act and faintness ensue; 

 there is a death-like pallor; the breathing is laboured; 

 the wings of the nostrils are wildly dilated; " there is 

 a gasping and convulsive motion of the lips, a tremor 

 on the hollow cheek, a gulping and catching of the 

 throat; " 17 the uncovered and protruding eyeballs are 

 fixed on the object of terror; or they may roll restlessly 

 from side to side, hue illuc volvens oculos tot unique 

 pererrat. is The pupils are said to be enormously dilated. 

 All the muscles of the body may become rigid, or may 

 be thrown into convulsive movements. The hands are 

 alternately clenched and opened, often with a twitching 

 movement. The arms may be protruded, as if to avert 

 some dreadful danger, or may be thrown wildly over the 

 head. The Rev. Mr. Hagenauer has seen this latter 

 action in a terrified Australian. In other cases there is 



17 Sir C. Bell, Transactions of Royal Phil. Soc. 1822, p. 

 308. ' Anatomy of Expression.' p. 88 and pp. 164--169. 



18 See Moreau on the rolling" of the eyes, in the edit, of 

 1820 of Lavater, tome iv. p. 263. Also, Gratiolet, De la 

 Phys. p. 17. 



