294 FEAR. Chap. XII. 



he was hardly able to dress himself. His skin perspired; 

 and his eyelids and head drooped so much that it was 

 impossible to catch even a glimpse of his eyes. His 

 lower jaw hung down. There was no contraction of any 

 facial muscle, and Dr. Ogle is almost certain that the 

 hair did not stand on end, for he observed it narrowly, 

 as it had been dyed for the sake of concealment. 



With respect to fear, as exhibited by the various 

 races of man, my informants agree that the signs are 

 the same as with Europeans. They are displayed in 

 an exaggerated degree with the Hindoos and natives of 

 Ceylon. Mr. Geach has seen Malays when terrified turn 

 pale and shake; and Mr. Brough Smyth states that a 

 native Australian "being on one occasion much fright- 

 ened, showed a complexion as nearly approaching to what 

 we call paleness, as can well be conceived in the case of a 

 very black man." Mr. Dyson Lacy has seen extreme 

 fear shown in an Australian, by a nervous twitching of 

 the hands, feet, and lips; and by the perspiration stand- 

 ing on the skin. Many savages do not repress the signs 

 of fear so much as Europeans; and they often tremble 

 greatly. With the Kafir, Gaika says, in his rather quaint 

 English, the shaking " of the body is much experienced, 

 and the eyes are widely open." With savages, the sphinc- 

 ter muscles are often relaxed, just as may be observed in 

 much frightened dogs, and as I have seen with monkeys 

 when terrified by being caught. 



The erection of the hair. — Some of the signs of fear 

 deserve a little further consideration. Poets continually 

 speak of the hair standing on end; Brutus says to the 

 ghost of Caesar, " that mak'st my blood cold, and my 

 hair to stare." And Cardinal Beaufort, after the murder 

 of Gloucester exclaims, " Comb down his hair; look, 

 look, it stands upright." As I did not feel sure whether 



