Table 6. Habitat Associations 



Terms used in Table 6. Habitat Associations: 



Domain - General habitat of life stages. 



• Freshwater- Rivers and lakes above head-of-tide; freshwater lentic and lotic habitats. 



Lacustrine - Freshwater lentic areas (lakes) with riverine connections to the sea.. 

 Riverine - coastal plain - River portions in the relatively flat land along a coast. 

 Riverine - inland - River portions away from the coast. 



• Estuarine - Embayment with tidal fresh, mixing, and seawater zones. 



Inlet mouth - The seaward end of an estuary. 



Channel - The drowned river channel or tributary channels of an estuary. 



Inter- and subtidal flats - Broad, shallow estuarine areas. 



Salinity range, NEI - Three salinity zones used by the ELMR program for compilation of distribution and 



abundance data. 



Tidal fresh zone - Salinities of 0.0-0.5%o. 



Mixing zone - Salinities of 0.5-25.0%o. 



Seawater zone - Salinities >25%o. 

 Salinity range, Venice system - Five salinity zones according to the Venice system of estuarine 

 classification. 



Limnetic- Salinities of 0.0-0.5% o . 



Oligohaline - Salinities of 0.5-5.0%o. 



Mesohaline - Salinities of 5-1 8%o. 



Polyhaline - Salinities of 18-30%o. 



Euhaline - Salinities >30%o. 

 Temperature range - The temperatures at which a life stage is typically found, from 0°C to >30°C 



• Marine - Coastal and offshore 



Beach/surf- Shore areas receiving ocean waves and wash. 

 Neritic - Residing from the shore to the edge of the continental shelf. 

 Oceanic - Residing beyond the edge of the continental shelf. 



Substrate preference - Size of substrate that life stages reside on or in. 



• Mud/clay/silt - Fine substrates <0.0625 mm in diameter. 



• Sand - Substrates 0.0625-4.0 mm in diameter. 



• Pebble/cobble/gravel - Substrates 4-256 mm in diameter. 



• Boulder/rocky outcrop/reef- Large substrate >256 mm in diameter, exposed solid bedrock, or coral reef. 



• Shell- Mollusc shell substrate, such as oyster. 



• Submergent vegetation - Rooted aquatic vegetation that does not grow above the water's surface, e.g., turtle 

 grass (Thalassia testudinum), shoal grass (Halodule wrightii), and widgeon grass (Ruppia maritima). 



• Emergent vegetation - Rooted aquatic vegetation that grows above the water's surface, e.g., cordgrass 

 (Spartina) and mangrove. 



• Floating vegetation - Non-rooted aquatic vegetation, e.g., Sargassum, and other vegetation that can form floating 

 mats. 



• None - No known substrate preferences. 



Depth preference - 



• Littoral - 



Intertidal - From the high tide mark to depths of 1 m. 

 Subtidal - At depths of 1 -1 m. 



• Sublittoral - 



Inner shelf (10-50 m) - On or over the continental shelf at depths of 10-50 m. 

 Middle shelf (50-1 00) - On or over the continental shelf at depths of 50-1 00 m. 

 Outer shelf (100-200 m) - On or over the continental shelf at depths of 100-200 m. 



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