Brown shrimp, continued 



sediments (Odum 1971, Carrand Adams 1973). 



Factors Influencing Populations : Disease is second 

 only to predation and periodic physical catastrophes in 

 limiting numbers of penaeid shrimps in nature (Couch 

 1 978). A high proportion (up to 40%) of postlarval and 

 juvenile brown shrimp in Mississippi waters may be 

 infected with the Baculovirus penaei (BP) virus 

 (Overstreet 1994, Stuck pers. comm.), which may be 

 highly pathogenic to these life stages (Couch et al. 

 1975, Lightner and Redman 1991). The commercial 

 fishery has a major impact on parental stock during a 

 given year, but does not seem to affect production of 

 young for recruitment into the next year's fishery. 

 Environmental conditions, habitat alteration, food avail- 

 ability and substrate type may also affect brown shrimp 

 abundance and distribution (Christmas and Etzold 

 1 977, Herke et al. 1 987, Minello et al. 1 989b, Minello et 

 al. 1990). Salinity, turbidity, and light conditions can 

 interact with the brown shrimp's preference for veg- 

 etated areas, causing it to inhabit non-vegetated areas 

 where it may be more vulnerable to predation (Minello 

 et al. 1989b, Minello et al. 1990). 



Personal communications 



Nance, J.M. NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, 

 Galveston, TX. 



Baxter, K.N., and W.C. Renfro. 1966. Seasonal 

 distribution and size distribution of postlarval brown 

 and white shrimp near Galveston, Texas, with notes on 

 species identification. Fish. Bull., U.S. 66:149-158. 



Bishop, J.M., J.G. Gosselink, and J.H. Stone. 1980. 

 Oxygen consumption and hemolymph osmolality of 

 brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus. Fish. Bull., U.S. 

 78:741-757. 



Boothby,R.N.,andJ.W.Avault,Jr. 1971. Food habits, 

 length-weight relationship, and condition factor of the 

 red drum (Sciaenops ocellata) in southeastern Louisi- 

 ana. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 100(2):290-295. 



Carr, W.E.S., and C.A. Adams. 1973. Food habits of 

 juvenile marine fishes occupying seagrass beds in the 

 estuarine zone near Crystal River, Florida. Trans. Am. 

 Fish. Soc. 102:511-540. 



Christmas, J.Y., and D.J. Etzold. 1977. The shrimp 

 fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, United States: a regional 

 management plan. Gulf Coast Res. Lab. Tech. Rep. 

 Ser. No. 2, 128 p. 



Cook, H.L., and M.J. Lindner. 1970. Synopsis of 

 biological data on the brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus 

 aztecus Ives, 1891. FAO Fish. Rep. 57:1471-1497. 



Patella, F.J. NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, 

 Galveston, TX. 



Sheridan, P.F. NOAA National Marine Fisheries Ser- 

 vice, Galveston, TX. 



Stuck, K. Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean 

 Springs, MS. 



Zein-Eldin, Z.P. NOAA National Marine Fisheries 

 Service, Galveston, TX. 



References 



Aldrich, D. V., C.E. Wood, and K.N. Baxter. 1968. An 

 ecological interpretation of low water temperature re- 

 sponses in Penaeus aztecus and P. sef/fea/s postlarvae. 

 Bull. Mar. Sci. 18:61-71. 



Allen, D.M., J.H. Hudson, and T.J. Costello. 1980. 

 Postlarval shrimp (Penaeus) in the Florida Keys: spe- 

 cies, size, and seasonal abundance. Bull. Mar. Sci. 

 30:21-33. 



Bass, R.J., and J.W. Avault, Jr. 1975. Food habits, 

 length-weight relationship, condition factor, and growth 

 of juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellata, in Louisiana. 

 Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 104(1):35-45. 



Cook, H.L., and M. A. Murphy. 1966. Rearing penaeid 

 shrimp from eggs to postlarvae. Proc. Conf. South- 

 east. Game Fish Comm. 19:283-288. 



Cook, H.L., and M.A. Murphy. 1969. The culture of 

 larval penaeid shrimp. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 98:751- 

 754. 



Cook, H.L., and M.A. Murphy. 1971. Early develop- 

 mental stages of the brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus 

 Ives, reared in the laboratory. Fish. Bull., U.S. 69:223- 

 239. 



Copeland,B.J. 1965. Fauna of the Aransas Pass Inlet, 

 Texas. I. Emigration as shown by tide trap collections. 

 Publ. Inst. Mar. Sci., Univ. Texas 10:9-21. 



Copeland, B.J., and T.J. Bechtel. 1974. Some envi- 

 ronmental limits of six gulf coast estuarine organisms. 

 Contrib. Mar. Sci. 18:169-204. 



Copeland, B.J., and M.V. Truitt. 1966. Fauna of the 

 Aransas Pass Inlet, Texas. II. Penaeid shrimp 

 postlarvae. Tex. J. Sci. 18:65-74. 



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