turbinacea. mollusca. littorina. 261 



Figure 167. 

 State Coll., No. 40. Soc. Cab., No. 1648. 



Turbo palliatus, Say; Journ. Jlcad.JVat. Sc, ii. 240. 



Turbo neritoides ? Lin. ; SijsL, 1232. Chemn. ; Conch., v. 234, t. 185, f. 1854. 



Shell semi-globular, solid, smooth and shining, with very faint 

 revolving lines, and lines of growth ; color variable, white, yel- 

 low, orange, olive, slate, and brown ; usually of a single color, 

 but often striped, banded, or spotted in various ways with darker 

 and lighter colors ; whorls four, the last very large, and the others 

 scarcely rising above it ; suture faintly marked, scarcely denoting 

 the limits of the whorls ; aperture nearly circular, the lip bevelled 

 within, to a sharp edge ; the pillar margin broadly flattened and 

 white, continuous with the outer lip ; color of the interior corre- 

 sponding to the exterior color ; operculum horny, semi-heart- 

 shaped, smooth, sub-spiral. Length -^^ inch, breadth ^"^ inch, 

 divergence 85°. 



Found along the whole coast. Their resorts are usually exposed 

 tQ the open sea. They are found on rocky shores in great abun- 

 dance, and at low tide are easily obtained from the rocks and 

 rock-weed, to which they cling, and on which they are seen in 

 rapid motion. 



The animal has the head orange, darker above, and the foot of 

 a drab or cream color. 



The varieties of coloring are innumerable ; combining the colors 

 above mentioned in every possible manner. They consist principally, 

 however, in bands of different widths, from hair lines, up to a third of 

 the width of the body whorl ; but the surface is sometimes reticulated, 

 or marked with triangular spots. 



The great points of distinction are the smooth surface, short, depress- 

 ed spire, broadly flattened pillar, and, above all, the orange-colored 

 head of the animal. 



Its proportions vary with its age. While young the aperture is not 

 much longer than the spire, but at maturity it is seven eighths of 

 the length of the shell. 



This shell would by many be considered the same as the Turbo ne- 

 ritoides of authors. It may be the T. neritoides of Linnrous, but 

 not of Ferussac and Lamarck. I have sent our shells to Mr. Sowerby 



