of certain species of Wifloio. — Part 2nd. 239 



red or yellow or greenish in % , and black or brown-black, or nearly so. 

 except at the extreme tip, in 9 .* On the other hand, in the allied fa- 

 mily Ichneumonidse, when sexual distinctions prevail as to the colora- 

 tion, the $ body is almost universally lighter-colored, instead of dark- 

 er-colored, than that of 9 • For example, it is perpetually the case 

 that the face of the % is white or yellow, and that of the 9 black, 

 with only the orbits white or yellow; or that the % has long, broad 

 orbits and the 9 short, narrow ones or none at all. There are certain 

 species, too, where the S scutel is white or yellow, and that of 9 is 

 but slightly or not at all marked with white or yellow. There are also 

 very numerous species, where the % pectus is white and the 9 pectus 

 red, or the % pectus and pleura red and only the pectus 9 red, or the 

 £ pectus red and the 9 pectus black. In many Cryptus, again, as in 

 the European C. sponsor, the hind tarsi % are mostly pure white and 

 those of 9 dusky. And almost always, when, as often happens, each 

 successive set of coxre and trochanters £ 9 is less white or less yellow 

 than the preceding set, (the ground-color of the legs being rufous or 

 black,) the coxse aud trochanters will be more extensively white or 

 yellow, and of a paler hue, in % than in 9 . With regard to the an- 



* I may quote as conspicuous examples of these general rules, besides several 

 undescribed species, Zarcca inflata, Norton, ( % undescribed) ; Acordulecera dor- 

 salis Say, (which is erroneously described by Say as varying equally in both 

 sexes, whereas out of 62 specimens examined by myself the % is always almost 

 entirely black, and the 9 varies from almost entirely black — 4 9 out of 22 9 — 

 to almost entirely yellow) ; Hylotoma scutellata Say, (% undescribed); H. cocci- 

 nea? Fabr., (% undescribed;; II. calcanea Say, {% undescribed); //. dulciaria 

 Say. ( ^ undescribed !: Atomacera debilis ^ , Say=Atomacera ruficollis 9 • Norton; 

 Tenthr. (Taxonus) dubitata Norton; Macrophya bicincta Norton: Emphytus aper- 

 tus Norton: Lophyrus abietis Harris; IVcmatus ventricosus Klug. (=Selandria 

 ribis Winchell); and all the Xematus and Euura hereinafter described % 9; all 

 from my own collection. Also from descriptions, where one or both sexes are 

 absent in my collection, Tenthredo (Strongylogaster) mellosa Norton; Tenthr. 

 (Strong.) abdominalis Nort. : Tenthr. semilutea Nort. ; Macrophya intermedia Nort.: 

 Macr. albomaculata Nort.; Macr. pluricineta Nort.: and Macr. (AUaatus) cestus 

 Say. The only conspicuous exceptions to these rules that are known to me are 

 Tenthr. [Allantus) verticalis Say, in which species the % abdomen is rather less 

 marked with black than that of 9? and Cimbcr americana Leach, if this last be, 

 ae -Mr. Norton supposes, (Tror. &c. I, p. 201,) identical with C. LaPortci St. Farg., 

 which latter has the % abdomen mostly red. I rather believe, however, that 

 there are two distinct Phytophagic species here, one feeding on the elm and 

 maturing in June, and another feeding on the willow and maturing late in Sep- 

 tember, the larvae otherwise undistinguishaole. Unfortunately, however, my 

 specimens of both these two forms all died in the larva state in their cocoons, 

 so that I throw out the above merely as a conjecture. 



