of certain species of Willow. — Part 2nd. 281 



Fitch, one gall, produced by an Aphidian which he referred to the 

 genus Byrsocrypta in 1851. (fatal, llomopt. p. 69.) Baron Osten 

 Sacken, however, has kindly informed me, that he long ago bred the 

 winged insect from this same gall, and that it belongs to a new Aphi- 

 dian genus which in 1861 he had proposed to call Hormaphis* in al- 

 lusion to the moniliform antenna). Pinus (Pine), as I am informed 

 by Baron Osten Sacken, bears at least one North American cone-like 

 gall, produced by the Aphidian genus Chermes, besides others pro- 

 duced by the same genus in Europe. Rhus (Sumac) has at least one, 

 and not improbably two galls, produced by a new Aphidian genus close- 

 ly allied to Pemphigus, aud differing from that genus chiefly in having 

 4-jointed, not 6-jointed antennae. f Cornus (Dogwood) has, to my 



• '-This black Aphis, powdered with white, is characterized by the structure 

 of its antennte. The ring-like wrinkles upon the joints, which occur also in 

 Tctraneura, are so deep here, that the flagellum appears to be moniliform, and 

 the real size of the joints is not perceptible. This apparently new genus may be 

 further distinguished from Tetraneura by the two first oblique veins forming a 

 fork together. I projjose for this genus and species the name of Hormaphis ha- 

 mamelidiv." (Osten Sacken apud Stettin. Entom. Zeitung, 1861, p. 422.) The trans- 

 lation is by the author himself, who also informs me, that he was not aware at 

 the time, that ten years previously Dr. Fitch had given the same specific name 

 to the same insect. It is not often that conflicting synonymies are so happily 

 avoided, by two different authors hitting on precisely the same sj>ecific name. 



f In this genus, which may be called Mclaphis in allusion to the fruit-like ap- 

 pearance of the gall, the typical two joints of the scape are soldered together so as 

 to form one j"iut (the 1st), the typical joints land 2 of the flagellum are soldered 

 together so as to make one joint (the 2nd) nearly half as long as the rest of the 

 antenna, and the 4th or last joint is at least as long as the 3rd, and bears, as in 

 Pemphigus, a minute, terminal unguiculus, fore-shadowing the typical 7th joint 

 found fully developed in Aphis. Dr. Fitch has recently described one species 

 of this genu-;, under the name of Byrsocrypta rhois, in the Jour. N. Y. State Ayr. 

 Society, (Aug., 1866, p. 73.) referring it to Byrsocrypta rather than to Pemphigus, 

 because, as he says, "out of five unmutilated specimens only two had hind 

 wings with two oblique veins," the other three, I suppose, appearing to him to 

 have but one oblique or discoidal vein in the hind wing. I have examined prob- 

 ably over two hundred specimens of this species, and find that every one with- 

 out exception has two discoidal veins in the hind wings. Hence I cannot but 

 suspect that Dr. Fitch's eyes must have deceived him on this point. The an- 

 tennal joints are normally proportioned nearly as 1£, 5, 2, 3; but out of 28 re- 

 cent specimens, in which I carefully examined both antennas with a Codding- 

 ton lens, I found that no less than 13 out of the 56 antennae were distinctly 5- 

 jointed, the very long 2ml joint being resolved into one long and one short one ; 

 thus proving that the 2nd joint is in reality, as stated above, formed by the con- 

 fluence of joints 1 and 2 of the typical flagellum of Aphidce. It may be added 

 that the same individual often had one antenna 4-jointed and the other 5- 

 jointed. 



