28G Benj. D. Walsh on the Insects inhabiting the Galls 



2 Cecidomyidous galls described by Osten Sacken. Cornus bears 2, 

 Cecidomyidous galls n. sp. Carya bears 8 Cecidomyidous galls descri- 

 bed by Osten Sacken and no less than 13 n. sp., besides 1 n. sp. which 

 is apparently Acaridous. Vitis bears 2 Cecidomyidous galls described 

 by Osten Sacken and 2 n. sp. Salix, as has been shown in this Paper, 

 bears 13 Cecidomyidous galls (Nos. 1 — 13), and at least 2 Acaridous 

 galls (Nos. 14 and 15) and probably several others. Rubus bears 1 

 Cecidomyidous gall described by Osten Sacken. And Quercus bears 4 

 Cecidomyidous galls described by Osten Sacken, 1 described by mis- 

 take by myself as Cynipidous, (Q. jniu/se,) and 3 n. sp. ; besides many 

 Acaridous semi-galls or mere woolly indented deformations of the leaf. 

 — In the second list, Praxinus bears 1 Cecidomyidous gall described 

 by Osten Sacken, and 2 Acaridous galls n. sp. Betula bears 1 Acari- 

 dous gall n. sp., being that referred to above (Proc. &c. Ill, p. G08) 

 as apparently Cecidomyidous. Juglaus (two species) bears 2 Acari- 

 dous galls n. sp., but not a single Cecidomyidous one, although the 

 closely allied Carya (two species) bears as many as 21 of them. Pyrus 

 bears 1 Cecidomyidous (?) gall n. sp. Crataegus bears 4 Cecidomyi- 

 dous galls n. sp. and 1 Acaridous gall n. sp. Prunus and Cerasus bear 

 each 1 Acaridous gall n. sp. Corylus bears 1 Cecidomyidous gall n. 

 sp. Robinia bears 2 Cecidomyidous galls described respectively by 

 Ilaldenian and Pitch. Gleditschia bears 1 Cecidomyidous gall de- 

 scribed by Osten Sacken. Tilia bears 3 Cecidomyidous galls n. sp., one 

 of the three of doubtful origin, and 1 Acaridous gall n. sp. Cephalan- 

 thus bears 1 Acaridous gall, being that referred to above, (Proc. &c. 



leaA r ing certain depressed round scars, which may always be seen on all the old 

 dry specimens of last year's growth that still adhere to the twigs. These last may 

 always up to this time be readily distinguished, by their being internally fer- 

 ruginous, and of a hard, spongy, subligneous texture. Finally, by May 20 the 

 apical A of the filaments had withered up and shed its ferruginous spores, short- 

 ly after which they all fell off and disappeared entirely. It is to these funguses 

 that, I suppose, Dr. Fitch alludes, when he speaks of "rounded galls on the 

 leaves and twigs" of the Red Cedar in New York, which he infers to be produc- 

 ed by Gall-flies (Cynipidcc). (See N. Y. Rep. II, g 285.) I find that in Kansas, 

 and probably elsewhere, they are popularly known as "Cedar-apples." It is 

 remarkable that in Europe, according to Fries and Berkley, the "savin-tree, 

 (juniperus)," by which I understand our common Red Cedar to be intended, 

 bears similar "cedar-apples" having "long orange-colored spurs formed by the 

 spores." (Flagg on Fungi in Missouri Agr. Rep. 1865, append, p. 1S6.) It is said 

 also by the same authors to be "attacked by a peculiar gum (podisoma), which 

 bursts from its bark and swells under the influence of moisture to a gelatinous 

 mass." I have repeatedly noticed the same phenomenon on our Red Cedar in 

 the United States. 



