168 S. B. Buckley on North American Formicidse. 



low the occiput which is slightly emarginate; eyes large, lateral, and 

 placed in the anterior portion of the head ; antennas long, filiform ; 

 mandibles small, subtriangular, curved, and inner margins toothed near 

 the apex ; thorax wider than the head, compressed and narrowed pos- 

 teriorly, divisions well marked, rounded and smooth above; pedicle 

 short; scale small, vertical or slightly inclined forwards and obtuse; 

 abdomen oblong-ovate, with the upper portion of the segments banded 

 with reddish-brown, margins hyaline; last segment somewhat hairy; 

 antennae, upper part of the head and thorax sprinkled with short grey 

 hairs ; wings not seen. 



Worker. Length 0.07 inch. — Head and thorax reddish-brown or 

 yellowish-brown ; abdomen honey-yellow, smooth throughout ; head 

 wider than the thorax; pedicle very short; scale small, and near the 

 abdomen; eyes small; abdomen elliptical; the rest like the female. 



Very active in its movements. Lives in the ground beneath stones, 

 or excavates holes in open spaces, throwing its dirt crater-form; has 

 many homes in the vicinity of each other. Lives principally on vege- 

 table food. I have seen some seeds of weeds and grass in its cells be- 

 neath rocks, late in autumn. It is seen in the open air at all times 

 during the day ; has regular paths in the vicinity of its dwellings, 

 along which it goes in single file, or in ranks; it is also seen frequent- 

 ly going up and down trees. It is not warlike, and is seen most in the 

 vicinity of water near a river or stream. When touched it emits a very 

 disagreeable odor, somewhat resembling rotten cocoanut, and very dif- 

 ferent from the formic-acid smell of some other species. I have often 

 seen ten or twelve wingless females in one family beneath an upturned 

 rock, and there were probably as many more in the cells below. These 

 females were without any body-guard, nor does one seem to be needed 

 when they are among friends. I have never seen the female ants re- 

 ceive any special attention from the workers, except when families are 

 mi<rratin«' or in times of danger ; if a female becomes maimed then 

 the workers rush to her assistance. 



Common in Central Texas. 



28. Formica (Tapinoma) terricola. a. sp. 



Female. Length 0.27 inch. — Wings extending but little beyond 

 the abdomen, with one marginal and two submarginal cells, discoidal 

 cells obsolete; color black or browuish-black ; under surface of head, 

 thorax and abdomen and also the legs piceous, with lighter shades of 

 yellowish-white; head small, triangular; eyes small, lateral, placed 

 about midway of the upper surface of the head ; mandibles small, curv- 



