Table 3. Types of birds common to rubble structures in the South Atlantic Bight.' 



Species Present 



Surface-searching shorebirds 



Black-bellied plover ( Pluvial is squatarola ) winter 



Semi pal mated plover ( Charadrius sem ipal m atus winter 



American oystercatcher ( Hae m atopus pall iatus ) resident 



Willet ( Catoptrophorus sem ipal m atus ) resident 



Ruddy turnstone ( Arenaria interpres ) winter 



Red knot ( Cal idris canutus ) winter 



Sanderling ( Cal idris alba ) winter 



Semipalmated sandpiper ( Cal idris pusi 11a ) spring, fall 



Western sandpiper ( Cal idris m auri ) winter 



Least sandpiper ( Cal idris m i nuti 11a ) winter 



Purple sandpiper ( Cal idri s m ariti ma) winter 



Dunlin ( Cal idris alpina ) winter 



Boat-tailed grackle ( Qui scalus major) resident 



Fish crow ( Corvus ossifragus ) resident 



Aerial -searching birds 



Laughing gull (Larus atricilla ) resident 



Ring-billed gull ( Larus dela w arensis ) winter 



Herring gull ( Larus argentatus ) resident 



Great black-backed gull ( Larus m arinus ) resident 



Floating and diving water birds 



Common loon ( Gavia immer) winter 



Horned grebe ( Podiceps auritus ) winter 



Double-crested cormorant ( Phalacrocorax auritus ) resident 



American wigeon ( Anas am ericana ) winter 



Canvasback ( Aythya val isineria ) winter 



Redhead ( Aythya am ericana ) winter 



Ring-necked duck ( Aythya collaris ) winter 



Greater scaup ( Aythya m arila ) winter 



Lesser Scaup ( Aythya affinis ) winter 



Oldsquaw ( Clangula hyem al is ) winter 



Black scoter (M elanitta nigra ) winter 



Surf scoter (M elanitta perspicillata ) winter 



White-winged scoter (M elanitta fusca ) winter 



Common goldeneye ( Bucephala clangula ) winter 



Red-breasted merganser (M ergus serrator ) winter 



Wading birds 



Great blue heron ( Ardea herodias ) resident 



Great egret ( Cas m erodius albus ) resident 



Snowy egret ( Egretta thula ) resident 



Green-backed heron ( Butorides striatus ) resident 

 Black-crowned night heron ( Nycticorax nycticorax ) resident 



Tricolored heron ( Egretta tricolor ) resident 



a Data for this list were assembled from Pearson et al (1942), Stokes 

 and Shackleton (1968), Zingmark (1978), Farrand (1983a, b), Scott et 

 al. (1983), and observations of C. Marsh (University of South 

 Carolina, Coastal Carolina College, Conway, SC), J. Parnel 1 (University 

 of North Carolina, Wilmington, Wilmington, NC), and W. Hon (University 

 of Georgia, Marine Extension Service, Savannah, GA). 



35 



