INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 151 



mate. In similar fashion the white is adapted to a temperate climate. 

 Now it may be that neither of these types can become permanently 

 adapted to another climate. The evidence as to this is as yet inconclu- 

 sive and rather conflicting. But even if such adaptation could finally 

 take place it may hardly be worth while to attempt it, since the process 

 of readjustment would be rather painful. So that for these climatic 

 reasons it may be preferable for the principal ethnic types to remain 

 distinct. 



If these types do remain distinct, the very important question arises 

 as to whether they can persist side by side on an equality with each 

 other, or whether some will necessarily remain permanently subject to 

 others. This will probably depend, in part, upon the relative prolificness 

 of these races. That is to say, the more prolific races will, in the long 

 run, have the advantage so far as numbers are concerned, but it will 

 also depend, in part, upon the possibility of a uniform world-wide culture. 

 That is to say, if a race proves incapable of attaining to as high a cul- 

 ture as other races, however prolific it may be, it may still remain sub- 

 ject to another race because of the advantage that a higher culture gives 

 that other race. It is believed by many that this may prove to be the 

 case for the negro race. However, we have seen that there is probably 

 no great difference in intellectual capacity between the different ethnic 

 types. There may, however, be a good deal of difference in emotional 

 characteristics, which play an important part in determining tempera- 

 ment, so that if the negro or any other race remains subject perma- 

 nently to another race it will probably be due to such emotional char- 

 acteristics. 



We have now discussed very briefly some of the facts and proba- 

 bilities as to the part played by ethnic factors in international relations. 

 "We must now consider what practical deductions may be drawn as to 

 international relations in the future, especially with respect to war. In 

 the first place, a dissemination of knowledge as to the theory of evolu- 

 tion and of the ethnic relations between peoples ought to have much 

 effect in lessening racial prejudice, removing many international antipa- 

 thies, and promoting international comity. If it were generally known 

 that all the ethnic types have a common ancestry, and that many na- 

 tions are similar in their ethnic make-up, it should have a good deal 

 of effect towards accomplishing these ends. For example, to take a 

 concrete illustration, if it were generally known that northern France 

 is more like northern Germany ethnically than it is to southern France, 

 and that southern Germany is more like central France ethnically than 

 it is to northern Germany, this knowledge ought to have a good deal of 

 influence in promoting international good feeling between France and 

 Germany. 



In the second place, it will probably on the whole and in the long 



