INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 153 



eral movement towards a final racial amalgamation began many difficul- 

 ties would arise as a result of the intimate contact of the races during 

 the long period which this process would take and it might be ques- 

 tioned whether the benefits to be gained by a final amalgamation would 

 more than counterbalance the difficulties of the transition period. And 

 in any case, as we have seen, for climatic reasons such amalgamation 

 may never be possible. 



It is now evident that there are three possibilities as to ethnic rela- 

 tions in the future. The ethnic types may always remain distinct, 

 though there will always be a certain amount of crossing between them 

 as there always has been, while the different cultures will also remain 

 distinct. Or the ethnic types may remain distinct but culture will be- 

 come uniform the world over. Or a final racial amalgamation may take 

 place with a uniform world-wide culture. Uniformity of culture would 

 be the almost inevitable accompaniment of racial amalgamation so that 

 we need not recognize the possibility of such amalgamation with a di- 

 versity of culture. I would not dare to express an opinion as to which 

 of these possibilities is most likely to take place. But it is to be hoped 

 in the interests of international peace that in the course of time there 

 will be more or less uniformity of culture at least so far as political or- 

 ganization, moral ideas and systems of law are concerned. 



The preceding has necessarily been a very brief discussion of a great 

 subject and I regret very much that I have not the space to apply the 

 broad generalizations which have been suggested to concrete examples. 

 But I hope the discussion has been sufficient to indicate the importance 

 of taking into consideration the ethnic factors in all international rela- 

 tions, as, for example, in the relations of two great European nations 

 such as France and Germany, in the relations of a powerful nation to 

 its subject peoples as the British in India, and in the relations of a great 

 Occidental and a great Oriental country such as the United States and 

 Japan. 



VOL. lxxxv. — 1 1. 



