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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



first, because the percentage of naturalization of the Irish is much 

 greater than that of Italians or Eussians on account of their being 

 older immigrants and also more at home in the peculiar political milieu 

 of New York; second, the native Irish of foreign parents usually out- 

 number the foreign born, whereas the opposite is true of the relation 

 between native-born and foreign-born Eussians and Italians. Besides, 

 the Irish are widely scattered and massed in only a few districts. How- 

 ever, these are the districts we have, at present, in view, as giving a 

 strong clue to what occurs less perceptibly where the concentration 

 is less dense. The table follows: 



We have only five districts in which the naturalized Irishmen con- 

 stitute clearly over 10 per cent, of the voting population. In every one 

 the Tammany candidate received over 50 per cent, of the district's vote. 

 Although not an exact measure of the strength of the Irish predilection 

 for the organization, it is a clear indication of the tendency sufficiently 

 demonstrated in other ways. 



The Germans, like the Irish, are more diffused than the Eussians 

 and Italians. We find them constituting more than 10 per cent, of 

 the voters in six districts. In two of these they far outnumber every 

 other nationality — the third of Queens and second of Manhattan. In 

 these they formed considerably more than twenty-one per cent, of the 

 voters. 



Every one of these districts decisively rejected Tammany. 



Summarizing the answers given to the first question put to the 

 voters, which was "Are you for or against Tammany" we are able to 

 say that a decided "no" was given by native Americans of native 

 parents and by the Eussians and Germans ; a decided " yes " was given 

 by the Italians and Irish. 



Two other questions came sharply to the fore in 1913. One was 

 radicalism in the form of socialism ; the other was Hearstian radicalism. 



