382 



COSMOS, 



writings of Ctesias, 156 ; extent of the 

 Roman empire, 181. 



Hellenic. See Greece, Greeks. 



Helmont, Joliann Baptiste von, one of the 

 founders of pneumatic chemistry, 344. 



Heraclidse, their return into Peloponne- 

 sus, 148. 



Herculaneum, Pompeii, anS Stabiae, land- 

 scape paintings discovered at, 85. 



Hernandez, physician to Phihp II., 275. 



Herodotus, account of ancient paintings, 

 93, 84 ; delight taken by Xerxes in the 

 great plane-tree of Lydia, 102 ; his no- 

 tices of the memorial pillars of the vic- 

 tories of Rameses Miamoun, 124-126 ; 

 notices on the circumnavigation of Lyd- 

 ia, 127 ; of the expeditions and con- 

 quests of Rameses Miamoun, 124-127 ; 

 regarded Scythian Asia as a portion of 

 Europe, 142 ; myth of Aristeas, 143 ; ac- 

 curate knowledge of the configuration 

 of the Caspian Sea, 145, 192 : his de- 

 scription of the Indian races, 164 ; ca- 

 nal completed by Darius Hystaspes, 173. 



Herschel, Sir William, his discovery of 

 the two innermost sateUites of Saturn, 

 329. 



Hesiod, his " Works and Days," 23 ; doc- 

 trine of four ages of the world, 156. 



Elicetas of Syracuse, his knowledge of the 

 earth's rotation on its axis, 109. 



Himerius the Sophist, Eclogues of, 27. 



Hippalus, 172. 



Hipparchus, his isthmus hypothesis, 127, 

 266 ; the originator of astronomical ta- 

 bles, and the discoverer of the preces- 

 sion of the equinoxes, 178, 187. 



Hiram, ruler of Tyre, 136, 137. 



Hirt on the origin of the French style of 

 gardening, 37. 



Historical events which have extended 

 the horizon of the physical contempla- 

 tion of the universe, 109, 110. 



Hiuen-thsans, early Chinese traveler, 148, 

 250. 



Hiungnii (a Turkish race), migrations of, 

 186; 202. 



Hobbima, landscapes of, 89. 



Hoces, Francisco de, discovery of Cape 

 Horn, 265, 266. 



lloftmeister, Dr., girth of the trunk of the 

 Cedrus deodvara, 168. 



Hojeda, Alonso de, 240, 282, 298, 299. 



Homer and the Homeric songs, their 

 beautiful and sublime descriptions of 

 nature, 24, 46. 



Hooke, Robert, 310, 332 ; correct views 

 on the rotation of the earth, 339, 340 ; 

 observed the existence of nitrous par- 

 ticles in the air, 345. 



Elumboldt, Alexander von, works by, 

 quoted in various notes : 

 Ansichten der Natur, 96. 

 Asie Centrale, 120, 138, 142. 144-147, 

 152, 1.57, 161, 168. 173, 177, 189, 191, 

 208, 214, 215, 232, 250, 282. 

 De Distiibutione Geographic^ Plan- 



tarura, 158, 159. 

 Easai Geognostiquc sur Ic Gisement 

 des Roches, 347. 



Essai Politique sur l,i Nouvelle Ea 



pagne, 159, 271, 272, 280. 

 Examen Critique de I'Histoire de la 

 Geographie, 92, 119, 121, 127, 134, 

 136, 138, 152, 162, 165, 166, 177, 188. 

 192, 194, 214, 215, 219, 225, 229, 235, 

 236, 238, 239, 245, 246, 252, 256, 261, 

 263-266, 269, 270, 276, 277, 282, 284- 

 288, 290, 293, 297-299, 301. 

 Recueil d'Observations Astronoin- 



iques, 183. 

 Relation Historique du Voyage aux 

 Regions Equinoxiales, 20, 119, 13J, 

 135, 159, 236, 264, 290, 335, 339. 

 Vues des Cordilleres, 156. 

 Humboldt, Wilhelm von, comparison of 

 the works of Lucretius with an Indian 

 epic, 30, 31 i the sky in the landscape 

 compared in its etfect to the charm ot 

 the chorus in the Greek tragedy, 100 •, 

 irresistible charm of mathematical stud- 

 ies, 351. 

 Huygens, first explained the phenomena 

 of Saturn's ring, 323, 329 ; on the nebu 

 lai in the sword of Orion, 330 ; his re- 

 searches on light, 331-333. 

 Hygrometers, invention of, 340, 341. 

 Hyksos, the, their Semitic origin and mi- 

 gration, 206, 207. 

 Hyperboreans, the, meteorological myth 

 of, 147. 



Ibn-Baithar, Arabian botanist, 216. 



Iceland, its discovery and colonization by 

 the Northmen, 231 ; its early free con- 

 stitution and literature, 237. 



Ilschan Holagu, observatory founded by, 



Incense of Arabia, researches on the, 204, 

 205. 



India, expedition of Alexander to, and its 

 important results on physical and geo- 

 graphical science, 153-158. 



Indians, profound feeling of nature in 

 their most ancient poetry, 22, 101 ; its 

 influence on the imagination of the East 

 Arian nations, 44, 48-51 ; its character- 

 istics, 51-54 ; their knowledge of land- 

 scape painting. 84, 85 ; numerical sys- 

 tem, 169, 225-227 ; their chemistry, 218, 

 219 ; planetary tables, 222 ; algebra, 



Inductive reasoning, 179. 



Infinitesimal calculus, results of its inven- 

 tion, 351. 



Ingolf, his colonization of Iceland, 231, 237. 



lonians, their mental chai-acteristics, 143, 



Irish, conjectures on their early discovery 

 of America, 234-237. 



Isabella, Queen, letters to Columbus, 274, 

 293. 



Isaiah, quotation from his prophecies, 206. 



Islands of the Blessed, myth of the an- 

 cients, 133. 



Italian poetry, as descriptive of nature, 

 62-64. 



Ivory, commerce in, 174. 



Janaen, Zacharias, optical instnimenu 

 invented b^ 318, 319. 



