250 ANTHOZOA IIELIANTHOIDA. 



duplicature formed by this reflection, the internal viscera. The 

 body is more or less distinctly campaniilate, and is prolonged in- 

 feriorly into a pedicle, very variable in length, which has its bottom 

 conformed into a small sucker. From this point four ligaments, 

 probably of a muscular nature, rise up within the peduncle, di- 

 viding at the expansion of the body into eight distinct fasciculi, 

 one proceeding to each arm. These fasciculi are composed of long- 

 parallel fibres, are analogous to the lamellaa of the Actiniae, and 

 like them divide the body into eight equal compartments, for the 

 inner fold of the corium is intimately connected with them on both 

 sides. The vermiform cseca lie in these compartments ; and the 

 ova appear also to be generated in them, but whether they have an 

 appropriate ovary is doubtful. A specimen which had undergone a 

 certain degree of putrefaction and dissolution exhibited these ova 

 forming a complete circle round the mouth, with rows running up 

 the arms to the base of the tentacula. (Fig. 55.) The ova were 

 proportion ably large, roundish or oval (Fig. 55, d), and irregularly 

 grouped. The change produced in the appearance of the tentacula 

 was considerable, for the globular apex had disappeared, and all 

 had assumed a linear or conical figure (Fig. 55, e), — the centre filled 

 with an opake granular matter forming a dark speck at the apex, 

 and covered with a clear mucous skin. The vesicle presented pre- 

 cisely the same structure, but no aperture was visible in either 

 part. 



The Lucernariae can swim with some rapidity in the water by 

 alternate dilatations and contractions of the body, but they are 

 usually found adherent to sea-weeds, the first species in a dependent 

 position, the two latter invariably erect, so that Lamarck is in 

 error when he describes the mouth as being inferior. When in a 

 state of expansion, few marine worms exceed them in beauty and 

 singularity of form ; when contracted they are shapeless and easily 

 overlooked. They feed on small crustaceous animals brought 

 within reach by the tide or their own destiny,* and to arrest them 



* Lamouroux asserts that L. campanulata perceives its prey when within a short 

 distance and pursues it. His words are — " J'avois la precaution de changer I'eau 

 de mes Lucernaires deux fois par jour. Dans un vase qui ne contenoit qu'un de ces 

 animaux, ce dernier executa des mouvements qui me parurent extraordinaires dans 

 un etre d'un consistance aussi molle, immediatement apres que j'y eus de I'eau nou- 

 velle : avec la loupe je m'aperfus que ces mouvcmens 6toient causes par la presence 

 d'un animalcule que la Lucemaire sembloit pursuivre en se portant a di'oite et a 

 gauche, pour tacher de le saisir. Toutes les fois qu'il s'^loignoit a la distance d'envi- 

 ron un pouce, la Lucernaire cessoit tout mouvement ; s'il se rapprochoit, la chasse 



