TUBULirORID/E : TUBULIPOEA. 271 



upper portion is expanded into a flat head, having on its superior 

 surface, one or two rows of projecting tubes round the circumference^ 

 the centre is either plain or marked with a few irregular cells. The 

 cells are distant from each other, with slightly oblique unarmed 

 apertures. The under surface of the head is furrowed, without cells, 

 and sloped into the foot-stalk." R. Q. Couch. 



4. T. TRUNCATA, mamm'iform^ entirely cellular^ the top some- 

 what enlarged with radiating furroios. Jameson. 



Plate XXXIII. Fig. 8— 10. 



Millepora trimcata, Jameson in Wem. Mem. i. 560. — Tubulipora truncata, FIcm. 

 Brit. Anim. 529. 



Ilab. Shetland Islands, Jameson. In deep water, Zetland, 

 Fleming, whence I have seen specimens dredged by Professor 

 Edward Forbes. 



" About an inch in height, the branches scarcely exceeding one- 

 eighth ; the branches are short, pierced by numerous pores, the open- 

 ings of cells converging towards the centre ; the head is stellate, the 

 rays are highest in the middle of their course, diminishing towards 

 the centre and lower margin of the head ; each ray is compressed, 

 and consists of two rows of tubular cells, united, crowded, with sub- 

 angular orifices ; the tubes have a central direction, and give to the 

 sides of the plates a striated appearance. This species has probably 

 been referred to as an inhabitant of the north seas, under the title 

 of Millepora truncata, but it differs widely from the Myriozoos of 

 Donati, to which the term was restricted by Pallas." Fleming. 



Polypidom a calcareous white and porous mass, mammiform, ad- 

 herent by an expanded base, enlarged above, the top convex, orbi- 

 culated, furrowed with shallow grooves which run in a radiating 

 manner to the flattish summit. There are about 15 of these grooves, 

 which vary in distinctness, and they terminate on the polypidom 

 where the circumference is greatest, and where the roundness of the 

 upper part begins. The whole surface is equally porous or alveolar, 

 the pores just visible to the naked eye, arranged in the manner of 

 the cells in the honey-comb, pentagonal, nearly of the same size, the 

 walls even and smooth. Height about two-tenths, and of nearly the 

 same diameter. 



T. truncata has been described as being branched, which it never 

 truly is, but two or three individuals may grow upon a primary 

 polypidom, so closely together that they coalesce at the base ; and 

 dying, new corals rise from the dead individuals, and thus give the 



