BOOKS AND CURRENT LITERATURE 



Revegetation of Range Lands. — This paper^ presents the results 

 of the appUcation of ecological methods to the problem of range man- 

 agement and deals with many of the most interesting and important 

 phases of plant ecology. 



The investigations were carried on from 1907 to 1910, inclusive, in 

 the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, under the direction 

 of the Forest Service and the Bureau of Plant Industry. Unrestricted 

 grazing had brought about a decrease in the carrying capacity of the 

 range due to early grazing, trampling and overstocking. The purpose 

 of the investigation was to determine the best means of revegetation 

 and the maintenance of a high degree of plant production without at 

 the same time reducing the returns to the stockman. By a carefully 

 planned series of permanent quadrats the author was able to determine 

 the life history of each of the more important plant species of the range. 

 The effects of different methods of grazing and of the varying condi- 

 tions for growth were clearly ascertained. With this as a basis of 

 judgment, a number of practical methods of grazing were tested. The 

 results of the ecological study were apphed to the practical problems 

 of the range. It was possible from the investigations to manage graz- 

 ing land in such a way as to produce not only the maximum amount of 

 forage each year but at the same time to maintain the highest degree 

 of efficiency over an indefinite period. 



The area under consideration when divided into climatic zones on 

 the basis of Merriam's "Life Zones," falls into four principal groups: 



The Transition Zone 3000-4500 feet elevation 



The Canadian Zone 4500-6800 feet elevation 



The Hudsonian Zone 6500-8500 feet elevation 



The Arctic-Alpine Zone above 8000 feet 



The principal plant associations represented in each of these zones 

 are respectively the Yellow Pine, the Lodgepole Pine, the White Bark 



• Sampson, Arthur W., Natural revegetation of range lands based upon growth 

 requirements and life history of the vegetation. Jour. Agr. Res. 3: 93-148, pis. 

 12-23, 6 figs., 1914. 



167 



THE PLANT WORLD, VOL. 19, NO. fi, 1916 



