VANILLIN AND SALICYLIC ALDEHYDE 



377 



and Bulletin 42 of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.' The 

 oxidation was lessened in the vanillin culture but was increased 

 in the solutions where manganese was used, which is in harmony 

 with the growth in these solutions. 



P'ig. 2. Wheat seedlings in solutions of salicylic aldehyde without and with 

 manganese sulphate. (No. 1, Salicylic aldehyde 5 p. p.m. ; No. 2, Same + 1 p. p.m. 

 Mn; No. 3, Same + 5 p. p.m. Mn; No. 4, Same + 10 p. p.m. Mn; No. 5, salicylic 

 aldehyde 10 p. p.m.; No. 6, Same + 1 p. p.m. Mn; No. 7, Same + 5 p. p.m. Mn; 

 No. 8, Same + 10 p. p.m. Mn.) 



Fig. 3. Wheat seedlings in solutions of vanillin without and with manganese 

 sulphate. (No. 1, Distilled water; No. 2, Vanillin 100 p. p.m.; No. 3, Same + 

 1 p. p.m. Mn; No. 4, Same + 5 p. p.m. Mn; No. 5, manganese sulphate 1 p. p.m.; 

 No. 6, manganese sulphate 5 p. p.m.). 



^ Skinner, J. J., and Sullivan, M. X., The action of manganese in soils. 

 Dept. Agr. Bui. 42. 1914. 



U. S. 



