III. ZOOPHYTA HELIANTHOIDA. 



FAMILY VII. MADREPHYLLI^A. 



17. TuRBiNOLiA,* Lamarck. 

 Character. Animal like the Actinia, single : Polypidom 

 fixed token young, becoming detached in the progress of its growth, 

 simple, inversely conical, furrowed on the outside, pointed at the 

 base, and terminating above in a lamellated stellular cell. 



\. T. BOREALis, " widely conical, slightly bent." Rev. Dr 

 Fleming.-|- 



Fungia turbinata, Fleming in Wern. Mem- ii. 250. Turbinolia borealis, 



Flem. Brit. Anim. 309 La Turbiiiolie boreale, Blainv. Actinolog. 341. 



Hah. " Zetland," Fleming. 



" This species occurred in the same boat in which I picked up the 

 Caryophyllea cyathus. Thoug-h greatly defaced, it still exhibits 

 proofs of its recent origin. It is inversely conical, pointed, subarcu- 

 ated, with a concave disc and a prominent centre ; the plates appear 

 to have been equal. It is about five-tenths of an inch in height, and 

 nearly the same in breadth across the star." Fleming. 



Lamouroux maintains, in opposition to Lamarck, that the Turbino • 

 liae are fixed, and says that in well preserved specimens a distinct pedicle, 

 with the point broken ofi^, is obvious. J The fact seems to be, as stated 



* From turbo, a top. 



f The author of the " Philosophy of Zoology," and the " History of British 

 Animals." He, for many-years, discharged the duties of a minister of the Church 

 of Scotland ; and is now Professor of Natural Philosophy in King's College, 

 Aberdeen. To his labours and writings I am inclined to ascribe a considerable 

 share in diffusing that taste for natural history which is now abroad. 



\ Soland, Zooph. new edit. p. 51. 



