298 Z. ASCIDIOIDA. Eschaka. 



Eschara retiformis, JRaii, Syn. i. 31. Flem. Brit. Anim. 531 Stony 



foliaceous Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 71, no. 3, pi. 30. fig. a, A. B. C. 



Borl. Cornw. 239, pi. 24, fig. 6 Millepora fascialis, Lin. Syst. 1283. 



Stew. Eleni. ii. 427 M. foliacea, Ellis and Soland. 133. Turt. 



Ginel. iv. 636. Turt. Brit. Faun. 205. Steiu. Elem. ii. 427. Hogg's 



Stock. 37. Bosc, Vers, ill. 341, pi. 25, fig. 4 Eschara fascialis, 



Pall. Elench. 44 E. foliacea. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 175. 2de edit. 



ii. 266. jRisso, L'Europ. Merid. V. 341. ^-far^, Elem. ii. 436. Blainv. 

 Actinolog. 428, pi. 75, fig. 3. Milne Edwards in Ann. des. Sc. Nat. 

 Part. Zool. vi. 36, pi. 3, fig. 1. 



Hah. On various parts of the English coast in deep water. 

 " Conchis testisve adnascitur et circa Cockbxish in Sussexia saepe 

 reperitur," Dillenius. Isle of Wight, Ellis. Cornwall, Borlasse. 

 Devonshire, Dr Coldstream. 



This curious polypidom attains a large size being often 3 or 4 

 inches high, and frona 1 2 to 20 in its greatest diameter. It may be 

 described as a broad membrane twisted into winding folds, leaving 

 large sinuosities and cavernous interstices : it is very light and floats 

 in water, crisp when dry, membrano-calcareous, cellular, of a yellow- 

 ish-browu colour, roughish and punctured with the numerous pores 

 which open on both sides. The membrane is less than a line in 

 thickness, and consists of two layers of cells separated behind from 

 one another by a thin plate down the middle. The cells open ob- 

 liquely by contracted roundish apertures disposed in a quincunx order 

 on the surface, and which, more especially when recently formed, 

 are often covered by a small operculum. When a portion is macerated 

 in diluted muriatic acid, it retains the original form, but becomes 

 soft and flaccid from the subtraction of the carbonate of lime. The 

 cells are liable to all the changes of form which have been indicated, 

 in an appended note, as the results of age upon these polypidoms in 

 general. 



2. E. FASCIALIS, '• expansions narrow^ compressed, branched, 



occasionally united" Pallas. 



Italian Coral, Ellis, Corall. 72, pi. xxx. fig. b Eschara fascialis var. a. 



Pall. Elench. 42. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 175. 2deedit. ii. 267. Flem. 



Brit. Anim. 531 Millepora tcenialis, Ellis and Soland. Zoopb. 1.33. 



M. fascialis, Turt. Gmel. iv. 636. Berk. Syn. i. 211. Turt. Br. Faun. 



204. L'Eschare a bandelettes, Blainv. Actinolog. 428. Milne-Ed- 



toards in Ann. des. Sc. Nat. Part. Zool. vi. 43- pi. 4, fig. 1. 



Hab. Deep water. Isle of Wight, Pallas. 



" This Millepore grows in very irregular masses, but always pre- 

 serves the same habit of growing ; that is, the branches are flat, nar- 

 row, and regularly subdivided : they coalesce, twist, and branch out 



