THE EVOLUTION OE MAN. 



CHAPTER I. 



THE FUNDAMENTAL LAW OF THE EVOLUTION OP 



ORGANISMS. 



General Significance of the History of the Evolution of Man. — Ignorance of 

 it among the so-called Educated Classes. — The Two Branches of the 

 History of Evolution. — Ontogeny, or the History of Germs (Embryos), 

 and Phylogeny, or the History of Descent (or of the Ti'ibes). — Causal 

 Connection between the Two Series of Evolution. — The Evolution of 

 the Tribe determines the Evolution of the Germ. — Ontogeny as an 

 Epitome or Eecapitulation of Phylogeny. The Incompleteness of this 

 Epitome. — The Fundamental Law of Biogeny. — Heredity and Adapta- 

 tion are the two Formative Functions, or the two Mechanical Causes, 

 of Evolution. — Absence of Purposive Causes. — Validity of Mechanical 

 Causes only. — Substitution of the Monistic or Unitary for the Dualistic, 

 or Binary Cosmology. — Eadical Importance of the Facts of Embryology 

 to Monistic Philosophy. — Palingenesis, or Derived History, and Keno- 

 genesis, or Vitiated History. — History of the Evolution of Forms and 

 Functions. — Necessary Connection between Physiogeny and Morpho- 

 geny. — The History of Evolution as yet almost entirely the Product of 

 Morphology, and not of Physiology. — The History of the Evolution of 

 the Central Nervous System (Brain and Spinal Marrow) is involved 

 in that of the Psychic Activities, or the" Mind. 



" The History of the Evolution of Organisms consists of two kindred and 

 closely connected parts : Ontogeny, which is the history of the evolution of 

 individual organisms, and Phylogeny, which is the historyof the evolution 

 of organic tribes. Ontogeny is a brief and rapid recapitulation of 

 Phylogeny, dependent on the physiological functions of Heredity (reproduo- 



