fastheftet med helt' undersiden. Ingestionsaiibningeu sidder 

 øverst, egestionsaabningen uoget længere nede; l)egge er 

 4-lappede. 



Kappen lys brunlig, sterkt rynket, især nederst og 

 omkring aabuingerne. 



Mange, ugrenede tentakler ora ingestionsaabningen. 



GjællesceJrJi-en er ki-ummet nederst og har paa hver 

 side 4 tydelige folder, som konvergerer mod svælget. Saa- 

 vel rygtblden som længdoribberne er meniliraner. helrandede 

 og krusede i kanten. 



Maven er tydelig stribet paa sin forreste del, lang 

 og boiet. gaar jevnt (n-er i tarmen, som stiger ret op. 

 Anus er halvmaaneformig med mange smale lapper paa den 

 indre bue, og færre, bredere paa den ydre. 



Genei-ationsorganer i gjennemsigtige herniaphroditiske 

 polycarper, intimt forbundne med muskellaget. 



Fundet den 16de juli 1877, ved 70.rv,o N. Br,. 18.3^" 

 0. L. paa et dyb af 19() m. med temperatur 5.09" C. 



Polycarpa comata. Alder. 



(Pl IV, tig. -.'s, -i!!). 



Næsten kugleformet med ca. 2 cm.s diameter. 



Kappen er tynd, med lange heftetraade, hvormed den 

 bedækker sig med sand. 



Aahningerne paa korte, retractile siphoner: begge har 

 4 lapper. TentaMer lange, ugrenede, ca. 40 i antal 



Flimmerorf/anet hesteskoformet. 



Gjællesæl'7:en har 4 folder paa hver side, som konver- 

 gerer mod svælget; hver fold er dannet af 8 — 10 længde- 

 ribber. Saavel disse som rygfolden er helrandede mem- 

 braner, krusede i kanten. Rygfolden er bøiet til venstre 

 og gaar ned paa ven.stre side af syælget. Mellem to læiigde- 

 ribber er der ca. 6 stigmata. 



OesopJiagus kort og kantet; maven liden, valseformig 

 med ca. 12 folder, ligger paa venstre side. Tarmen bøier 

 straks horisontalt tilbage til dorsalsiden og stiger her ret 

 op. Dens indre væg er bugtet ind og danner en rende. 

 Anns er derfor halvmaaneformig; 5 lapper jiaa indre bue 

 og 14 paa den ydre. 



Geyicrationsorganer i polycarper, som er ægformige, 

 hermaphroditiske og løst fæstede til muskulaturen. 



Den blev funden sammen med Polycarpa pomaria. 



Paramolgula arctica, nov. sp. 

 Pl. IV. tig. :iii. :ii og :i7i. 



Dette er en meget liden ascidie, kugleformet, med 



diameteren varierende fra G — 10 mm. 



l)etween 2 and 3 centim. It is attaciied by the entire 

 under surface. The branchial oritice is the uppermost, the 

 atrial somewhat lower: both are 4-lolied. 



Tlie tunic is of a light brown colour, very much 

 wrinkled, especially below and i-ound the apertures. 



Numerous simple tenfacJes surround the branchial 

 aperture. 



The hrancltial mc is arched below, and has 4 distinct 

 folds on each side converging towards the gullet. Both 

 the dorsal lamina ;uul the longitudinal 1)ars ari' plain mem- 

 branes with wavy edges. 



Tlie stomach is distinctly corrugated in the front 

 part, is long and curved. merging gradually info the inte- 

 stine, whicli ascends per[)endicularly. The anus is erescent- 

 shaped, with numerous small lobes on the inner curve, and 

 fewer, broader ones on the outer. 



Generative organs in transparent, hermaphroditic po- 

 lycarps, closely connected with the muscle stratum. 



Found on July 16th. 1877, in 70.:,.^" N. Lat. and 

 18.3SC J5 Long. at a depth ol' IIM; metros, with a tempera- 

 ture of O.oo" C. 



Polycarpa comata. Alder. 



(Tl. IV. figs. -is. ■_'!)). 



Almost globular. with diameter of about 2 centim. 



Tlie tunic is thin with long attachment-fibres, by 

 means of which the animal covers itself with sand. 



Tlie apertures are on short, retractile sii)hons and 

 are l)oth 4-lobed. Tite tcntar-les are long, not ramified, 

 and are about 40 in number. 



17(6 dorsal tuhercle is in the form of a horse-shoe. 



The branchial sac has 4 folds on each side, converging 

 towards the gullet. Each fold is composed of from 8 to 

 KJ longitudinal i)ars. These, as well as the dorsal lamina, 

 are plain membranes, curled at the edge. TJie dorsal la- 

 mina curves to the left, and descends on the left of the 

 gullet. There are about 6 stigmata between two longitu- 

 dinal bars. 



TJw 0'sophagus is short and angular; tite stomach is 

 small and cylindrical, with about 12 folds, and lies on the 

 left side. The intestine turns sharply in a horizontal di- 

 rection back to the dorsal side, and thence ascends per- 

 pendicularly. Its inner wall bulges inwards, and forms a 

 channel. The anus is therefore crescent-shaped, with 5 lobes 

 on the inner curve, and 14 on the outer. 



Generative organs in polycarps which are ovate, her- 

 maphroditic and loosely attached to the musculature. 



This specios was found together with P. pomaria. 



Paramolgula arctica, nov. sp. 



(Tl. IV. fig^. :;(!, :',! and :;:>. 



This is a very small, globular Ascidian, its diameter 

 varying from 6 to 10 millim. 



Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. Kristine Bonnevie: Ascidiæ cimplices og ascidiæ cnnipositæ. 



