231 



And I think others could benefit from what already have been done 

 and also share other experiences. The results from the Norwegian- 

 Russian investigations will be made available in the preliminary 

 report to the meeting in November this year in the London Com- 

 mission. Norwegian environmental authorities will also share this 

 information bilaterally with interested countries. 



Then follows, of course, the need for adequate monitoring, talk- 

 ing about AMAP, and no further comment is needed. 



As to accumulation of radionuclides in heavy metals in marine 

 and terrestrial ecosystems, reports have been given already here. 

 And we could conclude that the studies of effects have been carried 

 out but are very few and not at all sufficient to give a complete pic- 

 ture of all the Arctic. 



I would, however, like to mention quite another type of initiative. 

 You should know that there is a proposal to NACC, the North At- 

 lantic Cooperative Council, a joint NATO and earlier Warsaw Pact 

 members' forum, for a study on safe scrapping of nuclear sub- 

 marines and handling of nuclear waste. The intention is that the 

 study should constitute the basis for working out international 

 guidelines, as to scrapping nuclear submarines, such guidelines do 

 not exist. A wholehearted participation by U.S.A. in this effort 

 would be most valuable. And I'll refer you back to what was said 

 about Russian submarines need to be scrapped. 



I should also add a few words about the role of lASC, the organi- 

 zation I presently represent. The International Arctic Science Com- 

 mittee is a non-governmental scientific organization established to 

 encourage and facilitate international consultation and cooperation 

 in the Arctic. The strength of lASC is that it embraces all fields 

 of Arctic science, covers all the Arctic and promotes a circum-Arctic 

 approach. All Arctic countries are members as well as six other 

 countries having a major research activity in the Arctic. lASC will 

 be well suited to take interdisciplinary scientific initiatives. lASC 

 has several programs underway of importance to the Arctic envi- 

 ronment, one of which is the International Arctic Global Change 

 Program. 



As for alleged nuclear threat to the Arctic environment, there 

 seems to be a need for a clarification as to what will be done bilat- 

 erally, what will be covered by special programs such as AMAP, 

 and other specialized organizations like IOC or SCAR. 



The lASC Executive will discuss this question in early November 

 and monitor the development till then. If there is a need for an 

 international science-based initiate that best can be met by lASC, 

 they are most willing to do so. 



I have also been asked to convey some regrets. Academician Igor 

 S. Gramberg of St. Petersburg, Russia told me that he strongly 

 supported your effort, and he would offer one of this institute's 

 ships for an environmental cruise to the high Arctic. An invitation 

 for international participation will be distributed through lASC. 



Also, the Executive Secretary of AMAP sends his best regards, 

 and mentioned that a strong U.S. interest both in radionuclides 

 and other pollutants that can seriously harm the Arctic environ- 

 mental are very welcome. Thank you. 



Senator MURKOWSKI. Thank you very much. Dr. Rogne. 



