260 



statistic of the population from cancer of the respiratory system 

 and other localizations, which indicate that 'the rise in 

 mortality from respiratory cancer is substantially higher than 

 from that of other areas of the body. 



A certain significance was also played by aging of the 

 population, especially for rural women of 60 years and older, for 

 whom increases in the standardized mortality indices in 1986 rose 

 by 12.5 times with respect to those of 1970, while in rural men 

 of the same age group and the same period, the mortality 

 decreased by 3%. 



In comparison with other territories and the Far East in 

 general, the total coefficient of mortality in the Magadan region 

 is lower. Therefore, the current trends in mortality of the 

 Magadan population due to malignant tumors is occurring over a 

 background of ever increasing levels of environment contamination 

 (air) and changing demographics (changes in the migration and age 

 structure of the population, especially rural) . 



Complex socio-ecological research on the natural and 

 anthropogenic environmental factors on the health of the Magadan 

 population indicate that anthropogenic and technical factors 

 influence the living conditions and health Indices, in particular 

 due to air quality. The effect of ecological factors is 

 connected with climate factors and also with the quality of the 

 drinking water. The effects of these factors on the health 

 indices occur either massively or sporadically as several 

 therapeutic and infectious diseases. 



The study of the total epidemiology in adults and subadults 

 in Magadan indicate the unfavorable direction of these 

 phenomenon. Since the total number of illnesses increased by 2.2 

 times from 1979 to 1989, the first occurrence of diseases 

 increased during that time by more than five fold. An especially 

 bad situation with respect to disease has developed among 

 children. The total number of illnesses increased from 1979 to 

 1989 by 10 times. 



Among adults and subadults there were also increases in the 

 rates of illness from diabetes (by 2 times) , cardiovascular 

 disease (by more than 3 times) and others. 



The Far East region has a complex ecology, including the 

 radiation situation and medical-demographic processes. Monsoon 

 climatic features (the monsoon climate exists only in Primorye, 

 in the other regions there is a hard continental climate or polar 

 climate) under condition of anthropogenic contamination put great 

 pressure on the adaptive mechanisms in the native and immigrant 

 population and therefore, there is frequent illness. Respiratory 

 illness amounts to 429.0 per 1000 (translator note: they may mean 

 1000 thousand here, possibly a misprint) residents, nervous 

 system - 101, digestive tract 89, infectious diseases 59.7, of 

 which 2.8 are tuberculosis (the corresponding numbers for the 

 Russian Federation are 401, 104, 88, 52 and 2). 



High levels of. trauma and poisoning increase the levels on 

 oncological illness. Total mortality of the population of 

 Dal'niy Vostok is 7.8 per 1000 (107 in the whole Russian 

 Federation) . 



