400 



The ICC has also been heavily involved in the drafting of the 

 Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy that has been referred to 

 in the past during this meeting. 



I will submit to this body three resolutions adopted by the ICC 

 Sixth General Assembly addressing pollution of the Arctic and sub- 

 Arctic waters by the former Soviet Union, resolutions concerning 

 seaborne nuclear reactors, and a resolution on health and social 

 values. In the interest of brevity, I will only read the critical sen- 

 tences. 



On the pollution of thee Arctic and sub-Arctic waters by the 

 former Soviet Union, be it resolved that the Inuit Circumpolar Con- 

 ference supports and encourages all international efforts to identify 

 and map all actual and potentisd sources of marine contamination 

 in the waters in and near the former Soviet Union. Be it resolved 

 that the Inuit Circumpolar Conference supports and encourages all 

 international efforts to determine the extent to the present and fu- 

 ture threats posed by such contamination to the Arctic and sub- 

 Arctic marine ecosystems and to the human residents of these re- 

 gions. And be it resolved that the Inuit Circumpolar Conference 

 supports and encourages all international efforts to identify and 

 implement actions to alleviate the threats posed by such contami- 

 nations. And be it further resolved that the ICC be directly in- 

 volved in these efforts. 



Concerning nuclear reactors on sea-borne vessels, be it resolved 

 that the Inuit Circumpolar Conference reaffirms its opposition to 

 the use of nuclear reactors anj^where in the Arctic because of their 

 unacceptable environmental health, safety and security risks. Con- 

 cerning health, that the ICC promote the development of appro- 

 priate health and social indicators so that Inuit can better deter- 

 mine whether social, mental and physical conditions are improving, 

 and should carry out baseline data studies against which future 

 change can be measured and should encourage the statistical and 

 other relevant health and social indicators. 



Finally, Mr. Chairman, let me state that we are greatly encour- 

 aged by the conclusion of the conference which just concluded on 

 U.S. Arctic Policy, where there was general agreement that state, 

 federal, and industry and environmental officials that research 

 remedies and other factors affecting the north is incomplete with- 

 out the equal and full participation of indigenous people. And I 

 would like to state that we cannot sit back and wait for Russia to 

 clean up its act. The U.S. must immediately begin identifying the 

 causes and immediately start applying the solutions. 



Thank you. 



Senator MURKOWSKI. Thank you very much, Mr. Johnson. We 

 appreciate your testimony. 



Our next witnesses will be representing the Environmental De- 

 fense Fund, Dr. Stephanie Pfirman and Scott Hajost. I had the op- 

 portiuiity to welcome them both in my office last week, and I was 

 particularly moved by their presentation and identification of the 

 exposures as a consequence of Russian development in the Arctic, 

 which as you pointed out to me, leaves an awful lot to be desired. 

 Please proceed with your testimony and I appreciate you being 

 here. 



