574 



Table 6. Disposal of Reactors with Spent Nuclear Fuel in Place in Far Eastern Seas 



• — At time of disposal. 



Thus, according to available data, the activity of RW dumped by the USSR in far eastern seas 

 is distributed as follows: 



Liquid RW 



Intermediate- and Low-Level Solid RW 



Solid RW (induced activity in two reac- 

 tors and one shield assembly without 

 SNF) 

 Total 



12,337 Ci (456 TBq) 

 6112 Ci (225 TBq) 



116Ci (4.3 TBq) 

 18,565 Ci(685.3 

 TBq) 



No dumpings of reactors with SNF in place were conducted in far eastern seas. In addition to 

 the above data, we must include information on RW that entered the waters of the Sea of Japan as 

 a result of a radiation accident aboard an NS in Chazhma Bay (see Section 3), the loss of a 350 

 kCi RTG radionuclide power supply during transport near Sakhalin Island, and radioactive con- 

 taminations resulting from atmospheric fallout and river runoff. 



Considering the areally enormous waters of the far eastern region, the liquid and solid RW 

 dumped by the Pacific Fleet do not appear to be more than several percent in the budget of man- 

 made radioactive contamination. 



2.3.3. Total Amount of Radioactive Waste Dumped by the USSR at Sea 



On the basis of accumulated documentary data and expert findings, the total activity of all 

 RW discharged and dumped by the USSR in seas adjacent to Russian territory may be estimated 

 at 325 kCi (12 PBq). Experts estimate the upper limit of the activity of RW dumped at up to 2.5 

 MCi (92 PBq). 



In addition to data on RW dumped in northern and far eastern seas (see Tables 2-6), we must 

 include information on radioactive materials that entered the marine environment by accident. 

 Among these are: 



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