IV-88 



In tiie shallow estuarine areas of the Bay of Fundy and the coastal 

 bays and sounds of Maine they are frequently caught in herring weirs 

 set in shallow water. The waters in tnese estuaries provide an 

 abundance of food for the salmon in the form of the young sea herr- 

 ing and euphausiid shrimp. 



All five species of salmon on the west coast have one basic difference 

 from the Atlantic salmon. They die subsequent to spawning. The 

 total spawning range of these species is from Monterey Bay, Calif., 

 to the northwest tip of Alaska. Only the King salmon occupies the 

 spawning streams of the full range. The Silver salmon has the next 

 longest range along the coast extending from the Sacramento River to 

 the Bering Strait. The Red, Pink, and Chum salmon range from Washing- 

 ton State to the Bering Sea, and are rarely found south of this. 



The distance upstream that the Pacific salmon migrates to spawn varies 

 from species to species, as well as within species, varying from the 

 extreme headwaters 1,500 miles from the estuarine zone to within a 

 few miles of the estuary. Both the young and adult salmon of all 

 spede9 pass through the estuarine zone, either to reach the spawning 

 ground in fresh water or to reach the sea. During the passage through 

 the brackish estuary the adult ceases feeding, whereas the young of 

 all species utilize the food available in the estuarine zone as they 

 pass through to reach the sea. Young Silver salmon are known to 

 remain within the estuarine portions of their natal stream, growing 



