334 INDEX. 



Exists in the yolk as well as the white of eggs, 107. Also in 

 the serum of the blood, 41. Is the true starting point of all 

 the animal tissues, 107, 108. 



Alcohol. Is hurtful to carnivorous savages, 179. Its mode of 

 action : checks the change of matter, 239. In cold climates 

 serves as an element of respiration, 22. 



Aldehyde. Its composition ; how related to that of acetic acid, 

 279, 280. 



Alkalies. Mineral alkalies essential both to vegetable and ani- 

 mal life, 164. Vegetable alkalies all contain nitrogen, all act 

 on the nervous system, and are all poisonous in a moderate 

 dose, 177, 182. Theory of their action : they take a share in 

 the transformation or production of nervous matter, for which 

 they are adapted by their composition, 182 — 189. Action of 

 caustic alkalies on bile, or choleic acid, 134. 



Allantoine, Is found in the urine of the foetal calf. How de- 

 rived from proteine. How related to uric acid and urea, 141. 

 How related to choleic acid, 148. Its composition, 319. 



Allen and Pepys. Their calculation of the amount of inspired 

 oxygen, 283. 



Alloxan. Formed by the oxidation of uric acid, 137. Con- 

 verted by oxidation into oxalic acid and urea, oxaluric and 

 parabanic acids, or carbonic acid and urea, ib. How related to 

 taurine, 156. Seems to act as a diuretic. Recommended for 

 experiment in hepatic diseases, ib. (note). 



Almonds, Bitter. Oil of. Its composition ; how related to ben- 

 zoic acid, 280. 



Ammonia. Combined with uric acid it forms the urine of ser- 

 pents, birds, &c., 54. Its relation to choleic, choloidic, and 

 cholic acids, 135, Is one of the products which may be 

 formed by the oxidation of blood, 140; or of proteine, 152. 

 Its relation to uric acid, urea, and taurine, 155. To allan- 

 toine and taurine, 155, 156. To alloxan and taurine, 156. 

 To choleic and choloidic acid and taurine, 158. To urea, 

 water, and carbonic acid, 159. Is found in combination with 

 acids in the urine of the carnivora, 163. 



Analysis. Of dry blood, 283, 314. Of dried flesh, 314. Of 

 faeces, 285. Of black bread, ib. Of potatoes, ib. Of peas, 

 ib. Of beans, ib. Of lentils, ib. Of fresh meat, ib. Of 

 moist bread, ib. Of moist potatoes, ib. Of the iibrine and 



