BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA, 51 
preparation recognized is the tincture, and this 
only by the English and Uuited States Pharma- 
copceias. The only adulterant is the ammo- 
niacum root, which is easily distinguished by its 
density and deeper yellow color. "There are 
several very elegant preparations of sumbul, in 
the form of elixirs, etc., compounded by the 
various pharmacists that no doubt possess the 
virtues of the crude root in a high degree. 
As seemingly non poisonous, it is given in 
doses of one or two fluid drachms (4 to 8 grams), 
repeated at intervals, 
Frazera Walteri, North American Columbo, 
—Natural order Gentianacee, Found growing 
in and about the Alleghanies from East to West, 
The plant has a 3-parted calyx, corolla 4-parted, 
‘somewhat wheel-shaped; filaments awl-shaped, 
uniting in a single tube (monodelphus) at the 
base; style persistent, the stigma 2-celled; 
flowers numerous, of a yellow tinge. This 
biennial or triennial plant attains a height of 5 
to 10 feet (2 to 4 meters) with oblong leaves 
with parallel veins running through them. 
The root should be collected in the second 
year of its growth. The Frazera differs very 
little from the general characteristics of the 
species, save in the size of the plant and the 
persistent yellow of its internal tissues. It is 
very seldom found in the stores, and when it 
* does occur ts in longitudinal slices 1 inch (25 
millimeters) in thickness and much wrinkled. 
The odor resembles that of gentian to a marked 
degree, as does also the taste. Its component 
parts are identical with gentian, but containing 
less bitter principle than gentiopicrin. Its medi- 
