134 A COMPENDIUM OF 
taste spicy and astringent. It contains fanuzn, 
resin and a fine volatile oil, of which we will speak 
furtheron. The wood is used only as an adjunct 
to sachets and perfumery, the oil being the me- 
dicinal part. The wood is used also in making 
fans. boxes, etc., which are very often found 
elaborately carved and very delightfully fra- 
grant. There are three varieties of santalum, 
all of which are used in the distillation of the oil. 
Santalum Rubrum, Pterocarpus Santalinus, 
Red Saunders.—Natural order Leguminosze 
Papillonacee. This small evergreen tree is a 
native of Ceylon and the southern parts of India; 
it is also cultivated in Madras. The leaves are 
irregularly pinnate, and are distinguished from 
the pterocarpas marsupium (kino) by its broader 
leaflets and its racemes of axillary flowers. The 
corollas are yellow, lined with red; filaments 
united. Like the guaiacum, the santalum oc- 
curs in block logs, ete., very dense in texture; 
it is of a brick-red brown color. When found 
in the stores, it is in coarse powder of a deep red- 
brown color, having a slight odor, aromatic in 
_ character; taste bitter and astringent. Red 
saunders contains tannin, gum, pterocarpin, and 
a ruby-red resinous substance capable of crys- 
tallizing, which has been variously termed san- 
talin, santalic acid, etc., which crystallizes in red 
acicular fragments, which upon purification are 
obtained white. The red saunders is rarely 
used in medicine, being but feebly tonic and 
astringent in its effects, its only use being to 
color tincture and as a dye for cottons, etc. 
