BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA. 135 
CORTICES—BARKS. 
Turse consist of the outer covering of the 
trunks, stems and roots of all exogenous grow- 
ers. When the bark is first removed from the — 
tree or shrub, it is light in color and quite 
smooth, but in the process of drying, it becomes 
much darker in color, wrinkled and rough by 
the unequal shrinkage of its tissues. 
The outer part of the bark is technically 
known as the epidermis, (ef7, upon, derma, the 
skin); the cellular tissue or soft tissue (paren- 
chymatous) constitutes the least portion of the 
bark. 
The barks contain all the medicinal virtues of 
the tree or plant. They are found in commerce 
in large, small and irregular pieces or bands, 
also in quills. Barks break or fracture either 
with an abrupt or fibrous fracture. 
Angostura, or Angustura, Galipea Cuspa- 
ria.—Natural order Rutacez. This lofty forest 
tree is a native of the northern parts of South 
America, and bears trifoliate dark-green leaves 
having large leaflets which are acutely pointed, 
ovate lanceolate in shape, sessile and very fra- 
grantly aromatic; flower white, quite small and 
