BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA, 151 
twelfth of an inch (2 millimeters) in thickness, 
of a purple-brown color, inclining to gray if long 
gathered ; length of pieces variable. Internally 
‘smooth and shining, and of arusty white. When 
broken the fracture is fibrous, odor pleasantly 
aromatic; taste, bitter, astringent and pungent. 
Contains gum, tannin, resin, and its active prin- 
ciple, called /2riodendrin, which occurs in yellow 
globules or white acicular crystals; these are 
soluble in alcohol and ether. The bark of the 
tulip tree is tonic, febrifuge and anthilmintic in 
its action, and has been given in form of infu- 
sion and powder, the dose of the latter being 1 
to 2 drachms (4 to 8 grams). The wood of the 
American poplar or tulip tree has a commercial 
value, and its bark has been used for the cure of 
fever in years gone by, but is no longer among 
the officinal remedies. 
Magnolia, Magnolia, Magnolia Glanca. The 
small Laurel Magnolia, also known as the Sweet 
Bay Tree, Magnolia Acuminata, and the Cucum- 
ber Tree, Magnolia Tripetala, or Umbrella Tree, 
—Natural order Magnoliaceze. These three va- 
rieties of magnolia are not to be mistaken for 
the magnolia grandiflora of the gardens of the 
southern states, which outrivals the species in 
the size and the grandeur of its flowers and the 
delicacy of its perfume. The size of the three 
varieties first mentioned depends much upon the 
latitude in which they are found. The Magno- 
lia Glanca is a beautiful swamp shrub, found 
generally throughout the middle and southern 
states of North America; leaves leathery, en- 
tire, oval, ovate lanceolate in shape; evergreen 
in the South and deciduous in the North; flow- 
