176 A COMPENDIUM OF 
¥% ounce of the leaves to one pint of boiling 
water; the dose of which is 1 or 2 fluid ounces; 
name said to be derived from Kastana, a city of 
Pontus in Asia Minor. 
Chimaphila, Pipsissewa, Chimaphila Umbel- 
lata.—N atural order Ericaceze. Commonly 
known as the Prince’s Pine, Pyrola, etc. This 
perennial evergreen plant is found in Europe 
and North America, and is adorned with very 
green leaves two inches (5 centimeters) long, 
and lanceolate or crenate in shape, with ser- 
rated edges and arranged in whorls. The in- 
florescence is in corymbs or umbels, corolla 
white tinged with red, style short, and the ovary 
round ; the capsule contains several seed. The 
leaves contain sugar, gum, tannin, arbutin, ert- 
colin, urson, chimaphillin or pipsissena; they are 
tonic, diuretic, astringent and nephritic in their 
effects, and are given in form of infusion and 
fluid extract; the dose of the former is ¥% tol 
fluid ounce; of the latter, % tox fluid drachm. 
The decoction and fluid extract are officinal. 
Conium, Hemlock, Conium Maculatum,— 
Natural order Umbelliferz Campy losperme. 
Common names, Wild or Poison Hemlock, Spot- 
ted Hemlock, Poison Parsley, Herb Bennet, etc. 
The Hemlock attains a height of 3 to 6 feet, 
_ With a smooth stem, variegated in color and hol- 
_low, adorned with shining leaves of a greenish- 
gray color, the lower Jeaves bein g tripinnate and 
the upper ones bipinnate in their arrangement; 
all of the leaflets are serrated or dentated; the 
flowers are white and small, with five petals, 
and infloresce in terminal umhels, each flower 
Possessing five stamens and two pistils. During 
