232 A COMPENDIUM OF 
the Cassie Moschata of New Granada; Cassiz 
baccelaris of Surinam, and the Cassia Brazili- 
ana of Brazil, all of which differ in some par- 
ticulars, although the medical effects are about 
the same. Some botanists believe the purging 
cassia to bea distinct species. The Cassia Fis- 
tule is a large forest tree arising to a height of 
40 to 50 feet, adorned with pale-green lanceo- 
late leaves, which are 3 to 5 inches long; flow- 
ers of a golden-yellow color, with short petioles; 
to stamens and 1 pistil. The flowers are usually 
arranged in axillary racemes, The fruit (Fruc- 
tus Cassiz Fistulz), as it occurs in commerce, 
is in cylindrical pods 18 to 24 inches long (45 to 
60 millimeters) and about one inch in diameter; 
externally of a very dark-brown color, woody 
and veined, the sutures forming two longitu- 
dinal bands; internally the pod is divided into 
numerous transverse cells which contain flat 
ovate seeds embedded in a dark pulp, which is 
Sweet to the taste and has an odor like prunes. 
The seeds from 25 to roo and are about ) of an 
inch long ; the pulp is the part used in medicine, 
and contains mucilage, sugar, pectin, salts of 
lime and some albuminoid matter. It is laxa- 
tive in its action and forms one of the ingredi- 
ents of the confection of senna. Purging Cas- 
size has been known asa remedy for many cen- 
turies; the name is said to be derived from the 
Latin. 
Citrus Vulgaris, Risso, Bitter Orange.— 
Natural order Auranticez, also known as the 
Seville, or Bigaradia orange. A native of 
northern India, naturalized and cultivated in 
most of the sub-tropical countries of the world. 
