296 A COMPENDIUM OF 
color with alcohol and muriatic acid, as is the 
case with galbanum. Ammoniac contains from 
60 to 7o per cent. of resin, when fused with 
caustic potash it is converted into resorcin and 
protocatchutc acid), 18 to 20 per cent of gum 
and about 3 or 4 percent. of volatile oil. Asa 
stimulant and expectorant, it has been used as 
a remedy from the remotest ages, and is still 
highly thought of by some physicians of the 
present day. Ammoniac is givenin the form 
of pills and emulsion; the dose being from 5 to 
30 grains (0.3 to 2.0 grams). The name is said 
to be derived from Jupiter Ammon, because a 
species of itis found (Ferula Tingintana) grow- 
ing near the temple of Jupiter Ammon in 
Africa. 
Callitris Quadrivalvis, Sandarach Tree.— 
Natural order Conifere. This evergreen tree 
is a native of North Africa, and is a link be- 
tween the arbor-vite and the cedar of this 
country; in general appearance resembles them 
in foliage. The Sandarac of commerce is ob- 
tained in the same way as the mastic, but occurs 
in longer tiers; they closely resemble each 
other, the sandarac being used as an adulterant 
of the mastic. Odor balsamic; taste bitter 
and prominently terebinthinous; not so freely 
soluble as the mastic, but rather more inflam- 
mable; when powdered, it has a glass-like 
lustre, and forms the pounce sold by stationers. 
It is largely used as an ingredient in plasters 
and varnishes, etc. It is said to contain three 
distinct resins differing in solubility, also a bit- 
ter principle soluble in water. As a remedy it 
